Perbandt Kerstin, Hodapp Volker, Wendt Thomas, Jordan Jochen
Institut für Psychologie der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2006 Aug;56(8):310-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-932663. Epub 2006 May 22.
Type D (distressed personality) comprises the joint tendency to experience negative emotions (negative affectivity) and to inhibit these emotions in social situations (social inhibition). The distressed personality can be assessed by the Type D scale (DS14). In the present study, the German version of the DS14 was to be validated especially with regard to its interrelation with anger, aggression and hostility. The study included a clinical sample of 90 patients with coronary heart disease and a nonclinical sample of 86 participants. The two-factor structure of the DS14 could be confirmed in both samples. As expected, the subscale negative affectivity correlates highly with neuroticism; the subscale social inhibition correlates highly with extraversion. Negative affectivity also relates to almost every anger and aggression scale applied in this study. Participants classified as Type D report higher anger experience than non-Type D-classified persons. They show both heightened anger-in and anger-out and encounter others with more cynicism and hostility. It seems promising to provide special psychological treatment for these patients.
D型（苦恼人格）包括体验负面情绪（消极情感）以及在社交场合抑制这些情绪（社交抑制）的共同倾向。苦恼人格可以通过D型量表（DS14）进行评估。在本研究中，尤其要验证DS14德文版与愤怒、攻击性和敌意之间的相互关系。该研究纳入了90名冠心病患者的临床样本和86名参与者的非临床样本。DS14的双因素结构在两个样本中均得到证实。正如预期的那样，消极情感子量表与神经质高度相关；社交抑制子量表与外向性高度相关。消极情感也与本研究中使用的几乎每个愤怒和攻击量表相关。被归类为D型的参与者报告的愤怒体验高于未被归类为D型的人。他们表现出更高的愤怒内化和愤怒外化，并且以更多的愤世嫉俗和敌意对待他人。为这些患者提供特殊的心理治疗似乎很有前景。
