Hynynen Kullervo, McDannold Nathan, Clement Greg, Jolesz Ferenc A, Zadicario Eyal, Killiany Ron, Moore Tara, Rosen Douglas
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Eur J Radiol. 2006 Aug;59(2):149-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.04.007. Epub 2006 May 23.
MRI-guided and monitored focused ultrasound thermal surgery of brain through intact skull was tested in three rhesus monkeys. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of skull heating in an animal model with a head shape similar to that of a human. The ultrasound beam was generated by a 512 channel phased array system (Exablate 3000, InSightec, Haifa, Israel) that was integrated within a 1.5-T MR-scanner. The skin was pre-cooled by degassed temperature controlled water circulating between the array surface and the skin. Skull surface temperature was measured with invasive thermocouple probes. The results showed that by applying surface cooling the skin and skull surface can be protected, and that the brain surface temperature becomes the limiting factor. The MRI thermometry was shown to be useful in detecting the tissue temperature distribution next to the bone, and it should be used to monitor the brain surface temperature. The acoustic intensity values during the 20 s sonications were adequate for thermal ablation in the human brain provided that surface cooling is used.
在三只恒河猴身上测试了通过完整颅骨进行的MRI引导和监测的脑部聚焦超声热手术。本研究的目的是在头部形状与人类相似的动物模型中确定颅骨加热的量。超声束由集成在1.5-T MR扫描仪内的512通道相控阵系统（Exablate 3000，InSightec，海法，以色列）产生。通过在阵列表面和皮肤之间循环的脱气温度控制水对皮肤进行预冷却。用侵入式热电偶探头测量颅骨表面温度。结果表明，通过进行表面冷却，可以保护皮肤和颅骨表面，并且脑表面温度成为限制因素。MRI温度测量法被证明可用于检测骨旁组织的温度分布，并且应用于监测脑表面温度。如果使用表面冷却，20秒超声处理期间的声强值足以在人脑中进行热消融。
