Yelin Edward, Katz Patricia, Balmes John, Trupin Laura, Earnest Gillian, Eisner Mark, Blanc Paul
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0920, USA.
J Occup Med Toxicol. 2006 Feb 2;1:2. doi: 10.1186/1745-6673-1-2.
To estimate the duration of work life among persons reporting a physician's diagnosis of COPD, asthma, or rhinitis compared to those with select non-respiratory conditions or none and to delineate the factors associated with continuance of employment.
Persons ages 55 to 75 reporting a physician's diagnosis of COPD, asthma, or rhinitis as well as those without any of these conditions were identified by random-digit dialing (RDD) in the continental U.S and administered a structured survey. We used Kaplan-Meier life table analysis to estimate the duration of work life among persons with and without the three conditions and Cox proportional hazard regression to examine the role of demographic and work characteristics in the proportion leaving employment in each time interval.
Persons with COPD, asthma, and rhinitis were no less likely than the remainder of the population to have ever worked, but those with COPD were less likely to be working when interviewed or as of age 65, whichever came first. As of age 55, only 62 percent of persons with COPD continued to work versus 72 and 78 percent of persons with asthma and rhinitis, respectively. Persons with COPD, asthma, and rhinitis all had an elevated risk of leaving work prior to age 65 relative to those without chronic conditions, with and without adjustment for demographic and work characteristics.
COPD and to a lesser extent asthma and rhinitis were associated with a substantially shortened work life, an effect not due to demographic and work characteristics.
估计报告经医生诊断患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、哮喘或鼻炎的人群与患有特定非呼吸道疾病或无疾病人群相比的工作寿命时长，并确定与持续就业相关的因素。
通过在美国大陆随机数字拨号（RDD）识别年龄在55至75岁之间报告经医生诊断患有COPD、哮喘或鼻炎的人群以及无上述任何疾病的人群，并对其进行结构化调查。我们使用Kaplan-Meier生存表分析来估计患有和未患有这三种疾病人群的工作寿命时长，并使用Cox比例风险回归来检验人口统计学和工作特征在每个时间间隔内离职比例中的作用。
患有COPD、哮喘和鼻炎的人群曾经工作的可能性并不低于其他人群，但患有COPD的人群在接受访谈时或到65岁时（以先到者为准）工作的可能性较小。在55岁时，只有62%的COPD患者继续工作，而哮喘和鼻炎患者的这一比例分别为72%和78%。与无慢性病的人群相比，无论是否对人口统计学和工作特征进行调整，患有COPD、哮喘和鼻炎的人群在65岁之前离职的风险均升高。
COPD以及程度较轻的哮喘和鼻炎与工作寿命大幅缩短相关，这种影响并非由人口统计学和工作特征所致。
