Kinoshita Tomoko, Nagata Shinya, Baba Reizo, Kohmoto Takeshi, Iwagaki Suketsune
Department of Paediatrics/Developmental Paediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Circ J. 2006 Jun;70(6):773-6. doi: 10.1253/circj.70.773.
Cold-water face immersion (FI) is known to produce physiological changes, including bradycardia, by stimulating the parasympathetic system. However, other factors such as sympathetic activity, intrapleural pressures, and changes in chemical mediators may also contribute to these changes.
Eight healthy volunteers underwent a series of experiments designed to observe the effects of FI on heart rate and its variability, as detected using wavelet transformation. Each subject was instructed to bend over and put the entire face into an empty basin with and without breathing (protocols 1 and 2, respectively), and then perform FI in warm-water (protocols 3 and 4, respectively) and cold-water (protocols 5 and 6, respectively) while breathing and breath holding. Change in the R-R interval with FI was only significantly greater for protocol 6 than for the control procedure (protocol 1). Also, changes in the natural logarithm of high-frequency power with FI were significantly greater for protocols 5 and 6 than the protocol 1.
Bradycardia associated with cold-water FI is mainly attributed to cardiac vagal activity, which is independent of both the change in body position caused by bending over a basin and breath holding.
冷水面部浸泡（FI）已知会通过刺激副交感神经系统产生生理变化，包括心动过缓。然而，其他因素，如交感神经活动、胸腔内压力和化学介质的变化，也可能导致这些变化。
八名健康志愿者进行了一系列实验，旨在观察FI对心率及其变异性的影响，使用小波变换进行检测。每个受试者被指示弯腰并将整个面部放入空盆中，分别在呼吸和不呼吸的情况下进行（分别为方案1和2），然后在呼吸和屏气时分别在温水（分别为方案3和4）和冷水中进行FI（分别为方案5和6）。FI时R-R间期的变化仅在方案6中比对照程序（方案1）显著更大。此外，方案5和6中FI时高频功率自然对数的变化比方案1显著更大。
与冷水FI相关的心动过缓主要归因于心脏迷走神经活动，这与弯腰在盆上引起的体位变化和屏气均无关。
