Zhao Gaofeng, Xu Ying, Han Guanggen, Ling Bo
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430072 Wuhan, China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2006 Aug;28(4):341-51. doi: 10.1007/s10653-005-9003-3. Epub 2006 May 25.
Samples of groundwater, river water, river sediment, paddy soil, rice seeds, hen eggs, fish, umbilical cord blood, and newborn meconium were collected from October 2002 to October 2003 near a large site in China used for the disassembly of obsolete transformers and other electronic or electrical waste. Six indicator PCB congeners, three non-ortho dioxin-like PCB congeners, and six organochlorine pesticides were determined in the samples by GC with electron capture detector. The results demonstrated that the local environment and edible foods had been seriously polluted by toxic PCBs and organochlorine pesticides. The actual daily intakes (ADIs) of these pollutants were estimated for local residents living in the area. The intake data showed that the contents of PCBs in these local residents were substantial, as the ADI estimates greatly exceed the reference doses set by the World Health Organization and the United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. The presence of the indicator PCB congeners in the cord blood and the meconium samples, as well as significant correlations (r (2) > 0.80, p < 0.05) between these levels, suggests a potential biotransfer of these indicators from mothers to their newborns. This preliminary study showed that obsolete transformers and other electronic or electrical waste can be an important source for the emission of persistent organic pollutants into the local environment, such as through leakage, evaporation, runoff, and leaching. Contamination from this source appears to have reached the level considered to be a serious threat to environmental and human health around the disassembly site.
2002年10月至2003年10月期间，在中国一个用于拆解废旧变压器及其他电子或电气废弃物的大型场地附近，采集了地下水、河水、河底沉积物、稻田土壤、稻种、鸡蛋、鱼类、脐带血和新生儿胎粪样本。采用配有电子捕获检测器的气相色谱法测定了样本中的六种指示性多氯联苯同系物、三种非邻位二噁英类多氯联苯同系物和六种有机氯农药。结果表明，当地环境和食用食品已受到有毒多氯联苯和有机氯农药的严重污染。对居住在该地区的当地居民估算了这些污染物的实际每日摄入量（ADI）。摄入数据显示，这些当地居民体内的多氯联苯含量很高，因为ADI估算值大大超过了世界卫生组织和美国有毒物质与疾病登记署设定的参考剂量。脐带血和胎粪样本中指示性多氯联苯同系物的存在，以及这些含量之间的显著相关性（r (2) > 0.80，p < 0.05），表明这些指示物可能从母亲转移至新生儿体内。这项初步研究表明，废旧变压器及其他电子或电气废弃物可能是持久性有机污染物向当地环境排放的一个重要来源，例如通过泄漏、蒸发、径流和淋溶。来自该来源的污染似乎已达到被认为对拆解场地周围环境和人类健康构成严重威胁的程度。
