Moraes-Silva Evandro, Antunes Fabiana Rodrigues, Rodrigues Marcio Silva, da Silva Julião Fred, Dias-Lima Artur Gomes, Lemos-de-Sousa Valderez, de Alcantara Adriano Costa, Reis Eliana Almeida Gomes, Nakatani Maria, Badaró Roberto, Reis Mitermayer Galvão, Pontes-de-Carvalho Lain, Franke Carlos Roberto
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Brotas, CEP: 40295-001, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2006 May;98(2):176-82. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.04.002.
In order to investigate whether pigs can be infected by Leishmania infantum, a serological and parasitological study was carried out on swine in the Jequié municipality, Northeast of Brazil. Anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies were detected in 37 out of 92 swine (40.2%), by two different assays: an anti-L. infantum lysate and an anti-K39 recombinant protein ELISA. An experimental study was also carried out to verify the susceptibility of domestic pigs to L. infantum infection. Three sows inoculated with 10(8) stationary-phase infective L. infantum promastigotes (26% metacyclic promastigotes) per kilogram of body weight produced anti-Leishmania antibodies until the end of the experiment, 11 months later. No parasites, however, could be visualized through optical microscopy of spleen, liver and bone marrow or by in vitro culture of these organs. Homogenates of these organs were also inoculated in hamsters, without producing infection. No Leishmania DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in sand flies fed on these animals. The results indicate that domestic pigs bitten by L. infantum-infected vectors in the endemic area do not display a full infection pattern, and the positive association in endemic areas between the presence of swine and infection in canines may not be ascribable to the former acting as a parasite reservoir.
为了调查猪是否会被婴儿利什曼原虫感染，在巴西东北部热基耶市对猪进行了血清学和寄生虫学研究。通过两种不同的检测方法，在92头猪中的37头（40.2%）检测到了抗婴儿利什曼原虫抗体：一种是抗婴儿利什曼原虫裂解物酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），另一种是抗K39重组蛋白ELISA。还开展了一项实验研究，以验证家猪对婴儿利什曼原虫感染的易感性。三头母猪每千克体重接种10(8)个处于静止期的感染性婴儿利什曼原虫前鞭毛体（26%为后循环前鞭毛体），在11个月后的实验结束时均产生了抗利什曼原虫抗体。然而，通过脾脏、肝脏和骨髓的光学显微镜检查或这些器官的体外培养均未发现寄生虫。这些器官的匀浆接种到仓鼠体内后也未产生感染。在以这些动物为食的白蛉中，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）未检测到利什曼原虫DNA。结果表明，在流行地区被感染婴儿利什曼原虫的媒介叮咬的家猪并未呈现出完整的感染模式，流行地区猪的存在与犬类感染之间的正相关关系可能并非归因于猪作为寄生虫宿主。
