Kaldenhoff Ralf, Fischer Matthias
Darmstadt University of Technology, Institute of Botany, Applied Plant Science, Schnittspahnstr. 10, D-64287 Darmstadt.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Aug;1758(8):1134-41. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.03.012. Epub 2006 Apr 5.
Due to the fact that most plants are immobile, a rapid response of physiological processes to changing environmental conditions is essential for their survival. Thus, in comparison to many other organisms, plants might need a more sophisticated tuning of water balance. Among others, this is reflected by the comparable large amount of aquaporin genes in plant genomes. So far, aquaporins were shown to be involved in many physiological processes like root water uptake, reproduction or photosynthesis. Their classification as simple water pores has changed according to their molecular function into channels permeable for water, small solutes and/or gases. An adjustment of the corresponding physiological process could be achieved by regulation mechanisms. Concerning aquaporins these range from posttranslational modification, molecular trafficking to heteromerization of aquaporin isoforms. The aim of this review is to underline the function of the four plant aquaporin family subclasses with regard to the substrate specificity, regulation and physiological relevance.
由于大多数植物是固定不动的，生理过程对不断变化的环境条件做出快速反应对它们的生存至关重要。因此，与许多其他生物相比，植物可能需要对水分平衡进行更精细的调节。其中，这在植物基因组中相当数量的水通道蛋白基因中得到体现。到目前为止，水通道蛋白已被证明参与许多生理过程，如根系水分吸收、繁殖或光合作用。它们作为简单水孔的分类已根据其分子功能转变为对水、小分子溶质和/或气体具有通透性的通道。相应生理过程的调节可以通过调节机制来实现。关于水通道蛋白，这些调节机制包括翻译后修饰、分子运输以及水通道蛋白异构体的异源化。本综述的目的是强调植物水通道蛋白家族四个亚类在底物特异性、调节和生理相关性方面的功能。
