Cowie Catherine C, Rust Keith F, Byrd-Holt Danita D, Eberhardt Mark S, Flegal Katherine M, Engelgau Michael M, Saydah Sharon H, Williams Desmond E, Geiss Linda S, Gregg Edward W
Diabetes Epidemiology Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, 6707 Democracy Blvd., Rm. 691, MSC 5460, Bethesda, MD 20892-5460, USA.
Diabetes Care. 2006 Jun;29(6):1263-8. doi: 10.2337/dc06-0062.
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalences of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes, and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in U.S. adults during 1999-2002, and compare prevalences to those in 1988-1994.
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) contains a probability sample of adults aged > or =20 years. In the NHANES 1999-2002, 4,761 adults were classified on glycemic status using standard criteria, based on an interview for diagnosed diabetes and fasting plasma glucose measured in a subsample.
The crude prevalence of total diabetes in 1999-2002 was 9.3% (19.3 million, 2002 U.S. population), consisting of 6.5% diagnosed and 2.8% undiagnosed. An additional 26.0% had IFG, totaling 35.3% (73.3 million) with either diabetes or IFG. The prevalence of total diabetes rose with age, reaching 21.6% for those aged > or =65 years. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was twice as high in non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites (both P < 0.00001), whereas the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was similar by race/ethnicity, adjusted for age and sex. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was similar by sex, but prevalences of undiagnosed diabetes and IFG were significantly higher in men. The crude prevalence of diagnosed diabetes rose significantly from 5.1% in 1988-1994 to 6.5% in 1999-2002, but the crude prevalences were stable for undiagnosed diabetes (from 2.7 to 2.8%) and IFG (from 24.7 to 26.0%). Results were similar after adjustment for age and sex.
Although the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes has increased significantly over the last decade, the prevalences of undiagnosed diabetes and IFG have remained relatively stable. Minority groups remain disproportionately affected.
本研究旨在调查1999 - 2002年美国成年人中已诊断和未诊断糖尿病以及空腹血糖受损（IFG）的患病率，并将这些患病率与1988 - 1994年的患病率进行比较。
美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）包含年龄≥20岁成年人的概率样本。在1999 - 2002年的NHANES中，根据对已诊断糖尿病的访谈以及对一个子样本测量的空腹血糖，使用标准标准对4761名成年人的血糖状态进行了分类。
1999 - 2002年糖尿病总粗患病率为9.3%（1930万，2002年美国人口），其中6.5%为已诊断糖尿病，2.8%为未诊断糖尿病。另外26.0%有空腹血糖受损，糖尿病或空腹血糖受损总计35.3%（7330万）。糖尿病总患病率随年龄增长而上升，65岁及以上人群达到21.6%。与非西班牙裔白人相比，非西班牙裔黑人和墨西哥裔美国人中已诊断糖尿病的患病率高出两倍（P均<0.00001），而在按年龄和性别调整后，未诊断糖尿病的患病率在种族/族裔间相似。已诊断糖尿病的患病率在性别间相似，但未诊断糖尿病和空腹血糖受损的患病率在男性中显著更高。已诊断糖尿病的粗患病率从1988 - 1994年的5.1%显著升至1999 - 2002年的6.5%，但未诊断糖尿病（从2.7%至2.8%）和空腹血糖受损（从24.7%至26.0%）的粗患病率保持稳定。在按年龄和性别调整后结果相似。
尽管在过去十年中已诊断糖尿病的患病率显著增加，但未诊断糖尿病和空腹血糖受损的患病率保持相对稳定。少数群体仍然受到不成比例的影响。
