Arnold Connie L, Davis Terry C, Humiston Sharon G, Bocchini Joseph A, Bass Pat F, Bocchini Anna, Kennen Estela M, White Karl, Forsman Irene
Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
Pediatrics. 2006 May;117(5 Pt 2):S341-54. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-2633N.
The purpose of this study was to identify what stakeholders considered best practices for parent-provider communication regarding newborn hearing screening and diagnosis. We used consensus data to develop educational materials for parents.
We conducted 29 focus groups and 23 individual interviews between October 2003 and May 2004. Participants included (1) English- and Spanish-speaking parents of infants <18 months of age who had experience with hospital-based newborn hearing screening; (2) parents of children with hearing loss; (3) primary care providers who provide prenatal care or care for newborns; and (4) audiologists, audiology technicians, and hospital nurses.
Communication to parents about hospital-based newborn hearing screening was limited. Most parents first learned about the screening in the hospital, but all stakeholders thought a more opportune time for education was before the birth. For parents of infants who did not pass the newborn hearing screening, stakeholders recommended direct communication about the urgency of diagnostic testing. They also indicated that primary care providers needed current information regarding hearing screening, diagnostic testing, and early intervention. All stakeholders thought that a brief brochure for parents to take home would be helpful for hospital-based screening and, if necessary, subsequent diagnostic testing. Primary care providers requested basic, to-the-point information.
The most opportune time to begin discussion of newborn hearing screening is before the birth. Providers need up-to-date information on current standards of hearing screening, diagnosis, and intervention. User-friendly patient education materials, such as those we developed, could assist providers in educating parents.
本研究旨在确定利益相关者认为在新生儿听力筛查与诊断方面家长与医护人员沟通的最佳做法。我们利用共识数据为家长编写教育材料。
2003年10月至2004年5月期间，我们开展了29个焦点小组讨论和23次个人访谈。参与者包括：（1）年龄小于18个月、有医院新生儿听力筛查经历的讲英语和西班牙语的婴儿家长；（2）听力受损儿童的家长；（3）提供产前护理或新生儿护理的初级保健提供者；以及（4）听力学家、听力技术人员和医院护士。
关于医院新生儿听力筛查与家长的沟通有限。大多数家长最初是在医院了解到筛查，但所有利益相关者都认为更合适的教育时机是在出生前。对于新生儿听力筛查未通过的婴儿的家长，利益相关者建议直接沟通诊断测试的紧迫性。他们还指出，初级保健提供者需要有关听力筛查、诊断测试和早期干预的最新信息。所有利益相关者都认为，为家长准备一份简短的宣传册以便带回家，将有助于医院筛查以及必要时的后续诊断测试。初级保健提供者要求提供基本、简洁的信息。
开始讨论新生儿听力筛查的最佳时机是在出生前。医护人员需要有关听力筛查、诊断和干预现行标准的最新信息。像我们编写的这类方便用户的患者教育材料，可帮助医护人员对家长进行教育。
