Porcu Eleonora, Venturoli Stefano
Infertility and IVF Center, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jun;18(3):273-9. doi: 10.1097/01.gco.0000193015.96275.2d.
This article reviews human oocyte cryopreservation, one of the most stimulating challenges of assisted reproduction technology. Since the first steps in assisted reproduction technology, researchers have pursued this goal, to greatly improve the management of infertility treatments. This present review depicts the present state of research and clinical applications of this methodology.
Recent literature focuses on the possible mechanisms of oocyte damage caused by temperature and cryoprotectant injury and forecasts possible technological solutions. Several papers illustrate encouraging results in the increasing clinical application of this procedure.
Findings give support to several indications of human female gamete cryostorage. Oocyte cryopreservation might replace embryo freezing. Egg freezing offers an alternative to women at risk of losing their reproductive function, caused by antineoplastic treatments, endometriosis, ovarian surgery or genetic premature ovarian failure. In addition, oocyte storage may contribute to an increase in in-vitro fertilization flexibility. Despite the early disappointing results, recent technical modifications have improved the clinical efficiency greatly, with the birth of several healthy children.
本文综述人类卵母细胞冷冻保存技术，这是辅助生殖技术中最具挑战性的课题之一。自辅助生殖技术起步以来，研究人员一直致力于实现这一目标，以大幅改善不孕症治疗的管理。本综述阐述了该技术的研究现状及临床应用情况。
近期文献聚焦于温度和冷冻保护剂损伤导致卵母细胞损伤的可能机制，并预测了可能的技术解决方案。多篇论文展示了该技术在临床应用不断增加方面取得的令人鼓舞的成果。
研究结果支持人类女性配子冷冻保存的多种适应证。卵母细胞冷冻保存可能会取代胚胎冷冻。对于因抗肿瘤治疗、子宫内膜异位症、卵巢手术或遗传性卵巢早衰而面临生殖功能丧失风险的女性，卵子冷冻提供了一种替代方案。此外，卵母细胞储存可能有助于提高体外受精的灵活性。尽管早期结果令人失望，但近期的技术改进极大地提高了临床效率，已有多名健康婴儿诞生。
