Porcu Eleonora, Bazzocchi Antonia, Notarangelo Leonardo, Paradisi Roberto, Landolfo Chiara, Venturoli Stefano
Infertility and ART Center, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2008 Dec;15(6):529-35. doi: 10.1097/MED.0b013e3283199129.
To evaluate the present state of research and clinical application of human oocyte cryopreservation in infertility and oncology.
Recent literature documents have an increasing interest in cryopreserving human eggs. A number of studies report on different freezing protocols and various types of clinical application. Increasing attention is paid to vitrification as an alternative to slow cooling for oocyte cryopreservation. Several studies cover the modification of meiotic spindle during cryopreservation in order to assess the less damaging cryopreservation system. The first births with cryopreserved oocytes in cancer patients are reported.
Egg freezing may circumvent the ethical and legal concerns regarding embryo cryopreservation, increase assisted reproduction flexibility and be a concrete option to save fertility in women with cancer. Recently, egg survival and pregnancy rates improved, with the birth of more than 500 children. The birth rate per thawed oocyte is around 5-6%. As regards safety, data on birth defects seems to be reassuring so far but must be monitored by an international registry. Comparative studies between slow freezing and vitrification in the same patient population are needed to elucidate pros and cons of each technique.
评估人类卵母细胞冷冻保存技术在不孕症及肿瘤学领域的研究现状与临床应用情况。
近期文献表明，人们对冷冻保存人类卵子的兴趣日益浓厚。多项研究报道了不同的冷冻方案及各类临床应用情况。作为卵母细胞冷冻保存的一种替代方法，玻璃化冷冻法受到越来越多的关注。有多项研究探讨了冷冻保存过程中减数分裂纺锤体的变化，以评估损伤较小的冷冻保存系统。已有癌症患者经冷冻保存的卵母细胞成功分娩的报道。
卵母细胞冷冻保存可规避胚胎冷冻保存所涉及的伦理和法律问题，增加辅助生殖的灵活性，并且是癌症女性保存生育能力的切实可行选择。近期，卵母细胞的存活率及妊娠率有所提高，已有500多名婴儿出生。每个解冻卵母细胞的出生率约为5%-6%。在安全性方面，目前关于出生缺陷的数据似乎令人安心，但仍需通过国际登记系统进行监测。需要在同一患者群体中对慢速冷冻和玻璃化冷冻进行比较研究，以阐明每种技术的优缺点。
