Cui Heng-Lin, Yang Yong, Dilbr Tohty, Zhou Pei-Jin, Liu Shuang-Jiang
Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2006 Apr;46(2):171-6.
There are more than 1000 salt lakes situated in northern and western regions of China and 790 of these salt lakes are in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region and Qinghai, Tibet, Inner Mongolia. To better understand halophilic archaeal diversity of salt lakes in Xinjiang, water and sediment samples were collected from two salt lakes, namely Aibi salt lake and Aiding salt lake, and the halophilic archaeal diversity of these samples was determined. Totally eighty-six halophilic archeal strains, of which 56 isolated from Aibi salt lake and 30 isolated from Aiding salt lake, were isolated respectively using CM agar medium. All the strains were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Similarity analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of all these strains indicated that the isolates from Aibi salt lake belong to 11 different species of genera Haloarcula, Halobacterium, Halorubrum, Haloterrigena, Natrinema and Natronorubrum, and that the isolates from Aiding salt lake belong to 8 different species of genera Haloarcula, Halobiforma, Halorubrum, Haloterrigena, Natrinema. Among the 86 strains, members of Natronorubrum Natrinema, Halorubrum and Haloterrigena, are dominant groups in Aibi salt lake. However, the dominant group in Aibi salt lake are the members of Natrinema, Halorubrum and Haloterrigena. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains ABH13, ABH 14, ABH 15, ABH 18, ABH 31 and ABH 33 may represent a novel species of Natronorubrum; ABH12, ABH32 and AD30 two novel species of Halorubrum; ABH17 and ABH25, ABH51, ABH52, ABH56 two novel species of Haloterrigena respectively; strain ABH19 a novel species of Haloarcula; strain ABHO7 a novel species of Halobacterium. The Shannon-Wiener's index of Aibi salt lake is 1.899, the same index of Aiding salt lake is 1.317, which indicated that the biodiversity of halophilic archaea from Aibi salt lake was slightly higher than that of Aiding salt lake. Different characteristics in pH of salt concentrations, average annual precipitation, annual evaporation and mankind's impact on two salt lakes might play important roles on halophilic archaeal diversity of two salt lakes.
中国北部和西部地区分布着1000多个盐湖，其中790个位于新疆维吾尔自治区以及青海、西藏和内蒙古。为了更好地了解新疆盐湖嗜盐古菌的多样性，从艾比湖和艾丁湖这两个盐湖采集了水和沉积物样本，并测定了这些样本中嗜盐古菌的多样性。分别使用CM琼脂培养基从这两个盐湖中总共分离出86株嗜盐古菌菌株，其中56株从艾比湖分离得到，30株从艾丁湖分离得到。所有菌株都进行了16S rRNA基因测序分析。基于所有这些菌株的16S rRNA基因序列的相似性分析表明，从艾比湖分离出的菌株属于嗜盐弧菌属、嗜盐杆菌属、嗜盐红菌属、嗜盐碱杆菌属、嗜盐放线菌属和嗜盐嗜碱红菌属的11个不同物种，从艾丁湖分离出的菌株属于嗜盐弧菌属、嗜盐球形菌属、嗜盐红菌属、嗜盐碱杆菌属、嗜盐放线菌属的8个不同物种。在这86株菌株中，嗜盐嗜碱红菌属、嗜盐放线菌属、嗜盐红菌属和嗜盐碱杆菌属的成员是艾比湖的优势菌群。然而，艾比湖的优势菌群是嗜盐放线菌属、嗜盐红菌属和嗜盐碱杆菌属的成员。基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，菌株ABH13、ABH14、ABH15、ABH18、ABH31和ABH33可能代表嗜盐嗜碱红菌属的一个新物种；ABH12、ABH32和AD30分别代表嗜盐红菌属的两个新物种；ABH17和ABH25、ABH51、ABH52、ABH56分别代表嗜盐碱杆菌属的两个新物种；菌株ABH19代表嗜盐弧菌属的一个新物种；菌株ABHO7代表嗜盐杆菌属的一个新物种。艾比湖的香农-维纳指数为1.899，艾丁湖的该指数为1.317，这表明艾比湖嗜盐古菌的生物多样性略高于艾丁湖。两个盐湖在盐浓度、年平均降水量、年蒸发量的pH值以及人类影响方面的不同特征可能对两个盐湖嗜盐古菌的多样性起着重要作用。
