Van Reen Eliza, Jenni Oskar G, Carskadon Mary A
E. P. Bradley Hospital Chronobiology and Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jun;30(6):974-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00111.x.
Although the association between sleep and alcohol has been of interest to scientists for decades, the effects of alcohol on sleep and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) have not been extensively studied in women. Our specific aim was to determine whether sleep stage variables and/or spectral characteristics of the sleep EEG are altered by alcohol administration in women.
Changes of sleep and the sleep EEG were investigated after administration of a moderate dose of alcohol (0.49 g/kg) in the hour before bedtime compared with placebo in young healthy women. After approximately 2 weeks at home on a fixed 8.5- or 9-hour stabilization sleep schedule, sleep was continuously recorded by polysomnography for 3 consecutive nights [adaptation, placebo, alcohol (mean breath alcohol concentration 0.043 g/% before bedtime)] in the laboratory in 7 women (ages 22-25, mean=23.5, SD=1 year). Sleep stages were scored according to conventional criteria. Electroencephalogram power spectra of the bipolar derivations Fz/Cz (anterior) and Pz/Oz (posterior) were calculated using a fast Fourier transform routine.
Only few changes in sleep and the sleep EEG were observed. Across the entire night rapid eye movement (REM) sleep decreased, while minutes of stage 4 sleep were increased in the first 2-hour interval on alcohol nights compared with placebo nights. Spectral analysis of the EEG showed increased power in the alpha range (9-11 Hz) during all-night non-REM (NREM) sleep in anterior derivations after alcohol compared with placebo. Differences in spectral EEG power were also present in 2-hour intervals of NREM sleep; in particular, EEG power was increased on the alcohol night for frequency bins within the alpha range in anterior derivations and within the delta range (3-4 Hz) in posterior derivations during the initial part of the night.
A moderate dose of alcohol just before bedtime resulted in a short-lived increase in sleep intensity. A limitation of the study, however, was that only a single dose of alcohol was used to examine the effects of alcohol on sleep.
尽管睡眠与酒精之间的关联已被科学家关注数十年，但酒精对女性睡眠及睡眠脑电图（EEG）的影响尚未得到广泛研究。我们的具体目标是确定酒精给药是否会改变女性的睡眠阶段变量和/或睡眠EEG的频谱特征。
在年轻健康女性中，将睡前1小时给予中等剂量酒精（0.49 g/kg）后的睡眠及睡眠EEG变化与给予安慰剂后的情况进行比较。在家按照固定的8.5或9小时稳定睡眠时间表生活约2周后，7名女性（年龄22 - 25岁，平均23.5岁，标准差1岁）在实验室通过多导睡眠图连续记录3个晚上的睡眠情况[适应期、安慰剂期、酒精期（睡前平均呼气酒精浓度0.043 g/%）]。根据传统标准对睡眠阶段进行评分。使用快速傅里叶变换程序计算双极导联Fz/Cz（前部）和Pz/Oz（后部）的脑电图功率谱。
仅观察到睡眠及睡眠EEG有少量变化。与安慰剂组相比，在饮酒的夜晚，快速眼动（REM）睡眠在整个晚上减少，而在第4阶段睡眠的前2小时内分钟数增加。EEG频谱分析显示，与安慰剂相比，饮酒后在前部导联的全夜非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠期间，α频段（9 - 11 Hz）功率增加。在NREM睡眠的2小时间隔内也存在EEG频谱功率差异；特别是在夜间初期，饮酒当晚前部导联α频段内的频率区间以及后部导联δ频段（3 - 4 Hz）内的EEG功率增加。
睡前服用中等剂量酒精会导致睡眠强度短暂增加。然而，该研究的一个局限性是仅使用单一剂量酒精来研究酒精对睡眠的影响。
