Dahlitz M, Alvarez B, Vignau J, English J, Arendt J, Parkes J D
Department of Neurology, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, UK.
Lancet. 1991 May 11;337(8750):1121-4. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)92787-3.
The actions of melatonin on the sleep-wake cycle were investigated by means of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 8 subjects with a delayed sleep phase syndrome attending a sleep disorders clinic. In randomised order the subjects received placebo or melatonin 5 mg daily for 4 weeks with a 1 week washout period between the treatments. Drug or placebo was given at 2200 h, 5 h before the mean time of sleep onset determined by pretrial sleep logs. In all 8 subjects sleep onset time (mean advance 82 [range 19-124] min; p less than 0.01) and wake time (117 [10-187] min; p less than 0.01) were significantly earlier during melatonin treatment than during placebo. Mean total sleep time was slightly less on melatonin (8 h 12 min) than on placebo (8 h 46 min). Alertness acrophase calculated from the subjects' ratings of alertness made every 2 h while awake was unaltered. Melatonin may act as a phase-setter for sleep-wake cycles in subjects with a delayed sleep phase syndrome.
通过一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，对8名患有睡眠时相延迟综合征且在睡眠障碍诊所就诊的受试者进行了褪黑素对睡眠-清醒周期作用的研究。受试者按随机顺序接受安慰剂或每日5毫克褪黑素治疗，为期4周，治疗之间有1周的洗脱期。药物或安慰剂在22:00服用，即根据治疗前睡眠日志确定的平均入睡时间前5小时。在所有8名受试者中，褪黑素治疗期间的入睡时间（平均提前82[范围19 - 124]分钟；p小于0.01）和清醒时间（117[10 - 187]分钟；p小于0.01）均显著早于安慰剂治疗期间。褪黑素治疗时的平均总睡眠时间（8小时12分钟）略少于安慰剂治疗时（8小时46分钟）。根据受试者清醒时每2小时进行的警觉性评分计算出的警觉性高峰相位未发生改变。褪黑素可能对患有睡眠时相延迟综合征的受试者的睡眠-清醒周期起到相位设定器的作用。
