[西班牙劳动人口心血管危险因素的患病率]

[Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish working population].

作者信息

Sánchez-Chaparro Miguel A, Román-García Javier, Calvo-Bonacho Eva, Gómez-Larios Tomás, Fernández-Meseguer Ana, Sáinz-Gutiérrez Juan C, Cabrera-Sierra Martha, García-García Angel, Rueda-Vicente Juan, Gálvez-Moraleda Adolfo, González-Quintela Arturo

机构信息

Ibermutuamur, Mutua de Accidentes de Trabajo, Enfermedades Profesionales de la Seguridad Social, no. 274, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Rev Esp Cardiol. 2006 May;59(5):421-30.

PMID:16750139

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES

The routine medical check-up provides a good opportunity for screening workers early for cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish working population.

METHODS

The study included 216 914 working people (mean age 36.4 years, range 16-74 years, 73.1% male) undergoing routine medical check-up, which involved a structured questionnaire, physical examination, and standard serum biochemical analysis.

RESULTS

Cardiovascular disease had been diagnosed previously in 0.7% of workers, hypertension in 6.2%, diabetes in 1.2%, and dyslipidemia in 8.9%. Routine check-up showed that 49.3% (51.3% of males and 43.8% of females) were smokers, 22.1% (27.0% of males and 8.8% of females) had high blood pressure (< or =140/90 mm Hg), 15.5% (18.3% of males and 13.3% of females) were obese (body mass index > or =30), 6.2% (7.8% of males and 1.9% of females) were hyperglycemic (blood glucose >110 mg/dL), and 64.2% had dyslipidemia (total cholesterol > or =200 mg/dL, LDL cholesterol > or =160 mg/dL, triglycerides > or =200 mg/dL, or HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in males or < 50 mg/dL in females). When compared with workers in the service sector and after adjustment for potential confounders, workers in manufacturing, and particularly those in construction, had higher prevalences of both high blood pressure and smoking.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish working population is high, particularly in males and in certain types of employment.

摘要

引言与目的

常规体检为早期筛查工人的心血管危险因素提供了一个良好机会。本研究的目的是调查西班牙劳动人口中心血管危险因素的患病率。

方法

该研究纳入了216914名接受常规体检的劳动者（平均年龄36.4岁，年龄范围16 - 74岁，男性占73.1%），体检包括一份结构化问卷、体格检查和标准血清生化分析。

结果

之前已诊断出0.7%的工人患有心血管疾病，6.2%患有高血压，1.2%患有糖尿病，8.9%患有血脂异常。常规体检显示，49.3%（男性为51.3%，女性为43.8%）为吸烟者，22.1%（男性为27.0%，女性为8.8%）患有高血压（收缩压≤140/舒张压≤90 mmHg），15.5%（男性为18.3%，女性为13.3%）肥胖（体重指数≥30），6.2%（男性为7.8%，女性为1.9%）血糖偏高（血糖>110 mg/dL），64.2%患有血脂异常（总胆固醇≥200 mg/dL、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥160 mg/dL、甘油三酯≥200 mg/dL，或男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<40 mg/dL或女性<50 mg/dL）。与服务业工人相比，并在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，制造业工人，尤其是建筑业工人，高血压和吸烟的患病率更高。