Sloman L
Child and Family Studies Centre, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1991 Mar;14(1):165-82.
Medication does not cure PDD, and its use is generally not indicated. However, neuroleptics like haloperidol or trifluoperazine can be useful in the management of behavioral problems. The most common adverse reaction to their use is extrapyramidal effects. However, if one increases the dose gradually and keeps the total daily dose low, the incidence of extrapyramidal effects is likely to remain quite low. A number of drugs that have been used with PDD children and their effectiveness are reviewed. Guidelines for selecting and using an optimal medication for a given patient are also presented. The need to exercise caution in the use of chemicals with severely dysfunctional children, the etiology of whose pathology continues to remain elusive, is stressed.
药物治疗无法治愈广泛性发育障碍(PDD),通常也不建议使用。然而,像氟哌啶醇或三氟拉嗪这样的抗精神病药物在处理行为问题方面可能会有帮助。使用这些药物最常见的不良反应是锥体外系反应。不过,如果逐渐增加剂量并保持每日总剂量较低,锥体外系反应的发生率可能会相当低。本文回顾了一些曾用于PDD儿童的药物及其有效性。还给出了为特定患者选择和使用最佳药物的指导原则。强调了在对功能严重失调儿童使用化学药物时要谨慎的必要性,因为这类儿童病理的病因仍然难以捉摸。