Bubb Heiner
Lehrstuhl für Ergonomie, Technische Universität München, Botzmannstrasse 15, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
Appl Ergon. 2006 Jul;37(4):401-7. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2006.04.004. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
In this article, it is shown that human work can be understood as a process of creating order, and that order can be seen as a form of information. Since information can be considered as negative entropy, work is associated with energy consumption. Therefore, it is important to investigate the nature of human necessities in more detail in order to meet the desire for comfort through the efficient application of energy. Temporary increases of information cause accelerated increases in entropy. This explains the appearance of living organisms, and the historic development of increasingly complex technology. Through technical progress, repetitive human work is being replaced by automation, so that primarily creative work remains. Now the question arises of how much creative work a human can manage. In addition, one goal of automation should be the reduction of human errors, but in doing so, an optimal balance should be found between supporting the operator both during normal procedures and during unforeseen circumstances.
本文表明，人类的工作可被理解为创造秩序的过程，而秩序可被视为一种信息形式。由于信息可被视作负熵，工作与能量消耗相关联。因此，为了通过高效利用能源来满足对舒适的渴望，更详细地研究人类需求的本质很重要。信息的临时增加会导致熵的加速增加。这解释了生物的出现以及技术日益复杂的历史发展。通过技术进步，重复性的人类工作正被自动化所取代，从而主要剩下创造性工作。现在出现了一个问题，即人类能够处理多少创造性工作。此外，自动化的一个目标应该是减少人为错误，但在这样做时，应在正常程序和意外情况下都找到支持操作员的最佳平衡。
