Nataraj Sanna Kotrappanavar, Hosamani Kallappa M, Aminabhavi Tejraj M
Membrane Separations Division, Center of Excellence in Polymer Science, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
Water Res. 2006 Jul;40(12):2349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.04.022. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
A hybrid nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) pilot plant was used to remove the color and contaminants of the distillery spent wash. The feasibility of the membranes for treating wastewater from the distillery industry by varying the feed pressure (0-70 bar) and feed concentration was tested on the separation performance of thin-film composite NF and RO membranes. Color removal by NF and a high rejection of 99.80% total dissolved solids (TDS), 99.90% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 99.99% of potassium was achieved from the RO runs, by retaining a significant flux as compared to pure water flux, which shows that membranes were not affected by fouling during wastewater run. The pollutant level in permeates were below the maximum contaminant level as per the guidelines of the World Health Organization and the Central Pollution Control Board specifications for effluent discharge (less than 1,000 ppm of TDS and 500 ppm of COD).
采用混合纳滤（NF）和反渗透（RO）中试装置去除酿酒厂废醪液的颜色和污染物。通过改变进料压力（0 - 70巴）和进料浓度，测试了这些膜处理酿酒工业废水的可行性，考察了复合纳滤膜和反渗透膜的分离性能。纳滤实现了颜色去除，反渗透运行对总溶解固体（TDS）的截留率高达99.80%，对化学需氧量（COD）的截留率为99.90%，对钾的截留率为99.99%，与纯水通量相比，通量保持率较高，这表明在废水处理过程中膜未受到污染。根据世界卫生组织的指导方针和中央污染控制委员会的废水排放规范（TDS低于1000 ppm，COD低于500 ppm），渗透液中的污染物水平低于最大污染物水平。
