Himes John H
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St., Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015, USA.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 Jul 25;254-255:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2006.04.013. Epub 2006 Jun 8.
This report reviews the available evidence from large population studies regarding a secular change in the timing and progress of puberty since 1960 in US children in light of concurrent increases in the prevalence of obesity. There probably was a secular decrease in the median age of onset and progression of genital development in Mexican-American boys and breast development Mexican-American girls in the 1980s and 1990s. The data are insufficient to do more than suggest corresponding trends in black boys and black girls, but there is no evidence of breast changes in white girls. Mean age of menarche decreased by approximately 3 months in US white girls and 5.5 months in US black girls between the late 1960s and approximately 1990. Evidence from a single study indicates the secular changes in age at menarche are consistent with the magnitude of secular change in obesity, although other evidence is equivocal.
本报告回顾了自1960年以来美国儿童青春期启动时间和进程的长期变化的大量人群研究中的现有证据，并结合肥胖患病率的同期上升情况进行分析。在20世纪80年代和90年代，墨西哥裔美国男孩生殖器发育的中位起始年龄和进程以及墨西哥裔美国女孩乳房发育可能出现了长期下降。数据不足以明确显示黑人男孩和黑人女孩有相应趋势，但没有证据表明白人女孩乳房有变化。在20世纪60年代末至大约1990年期间，美国白人女孩月经初潮的平均年龄下降了约3个月，美国黑人女孩下降了5.5个月。一项研究的证据表明，月经初潮年龄的长期变化与肥胖的长期变化幅度一致，尽管其他证据并不明确。
