Zhou Ji-Yong, Shen Hui-Gang, Chen Hong-Xun, Tong Guang-Zhi, Liao Ming, Yang Han-Chun, Liu Jian-Xin
Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China.
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China.
J Gen Virol. 2006 Jul;87(Pt 7):1823-1833. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.81800-0.
Influenza A viruses are usually non-pathogenic in wild aquatic birds, their natural reservoir. However, from May to July 2005, at Qinghai Lake in China, an unprecedented outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus caused the death of thousands of wild migratory waterbirds. Herein, H5N1 influenza virus from bar-headed geese collected during the outbreak was characterized. Genomic analysis showed that A/Bar-headed Goose/Qinghai/0510/05 (Bh H5N1 virus) is a reassortant virus. Amino acid residue (lysine) at position 627 in the PB2 gene of the Bh H5N1 virus was the same as that of the human H5N1 virus (A/HK/483/97) and different from that of H5N1 avian influenza viruses deposited in GenBank. Antigenic analysis showed that significant antigenic variation has occurred in the Bh H5N1 virus. The Bh H5N1 virus induced systemic infections and caused 100 % mortality in chickens and mice, and 80 % mortality in ducks and geese. Bh H5N1 virus titres were higher in multiple organs of chickens, ducks and geese than in mice, and caused more severe histological lesions in chickens, ducks and mice than in geese. These results support the need to pay close attention and create control programmes to prevent the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus from wild migratory waterbirds into domestic chickens, ducks, geese and mammalian hosts.
甲型流感病毒通常在其天然宿主野生水禽中无致病性。然而，2005年5月至7月，在中国青海湖，一场前所未有的高致病性H5N1禽流感病毒疫情导致数千只野生候鸟死亡。在此，对疫情期间采集的斑头雁的H5N1流感病毒进行了特性分析。基因组分析表明，A/斑头雁/青海/0510/05（Bh H5N1病毒）是一种重组病毒。Bh H5N1病毒PB2基因第627位氨基酸残基（赖氨酸）与人类H5N1病毒（A/香港/483/97）相同，与GenBank中保存的H5N1禽流感病毒不同。抗原分析表明，Bh H5N1病毒发生了显著的抗原变异。Bh H5N1病毒可引起全身感染，导致鸡和小鼠100%死亡，鸭和鹅80%死亡。Bh H5N1病毒在鸡、鸭和鹅的多个器官中的滴度高于小鼠，且在鸡、鸭和小鼠中引起的组织学病变比在鹅中更严重。这些结果支持需要密切关注并制定控制计划，以防止高致病性禽流感病毒从野生候鸟传播到家鸡、鸭、鹅和哺乳动物宿主中。
