Böhm Harald, Cole Gerald K, Brüggemann Gert-Peter, Ruder Hanns
Department of Sport Equipment & Materials, Technical University Munich, Connolystr, Munich, Germany.
J Appl Biomech. 2006 Feb;22(1):3-13. doi: 10.1123/jab.22.1.3.
The contribution of muscle in-series compliance on maximum performance of the muscle tendon complex was investigated using a forward dynamic computer simulation. The model of the human body contains 8 Hill-type muscles of the lower extremities. Muscle activation is optimized as a function of time, so that maximum drop jump height is achieved by the model. It is shown that the muscle series elastic energy stored in the downward phase provides a considerable contribution (32%) to the total muscle energy in the push-off phase. Furthermore, by the return of stored elastic energy all muscle contractile elements can reduce their shortening velocity up to 63% during push-off to develop a higher force due to their force velocity properties. The additional stretch taken up by the muscle series elastic element allows only m. rectus femoris to work closer to its optimal length, due to its force length properties. Therefore the contribution of the series elastic element to muscle performance in maximum height drop jumping is to store and return energy, and at the same time to increase the force producing ability of the contractile elements during push-off.
利用正向动力学计算机模拟研究了串联肌肉顺应性对肌腱复合体最大性能的贡献。人体模型包含下肢的8块希尔型肌肉。肌肉激活作为时间的函数进行优化，以使模型实现最大下落跳高度。结果表明，在下落阶段储存的肌肉串联弹性能量对蹬离阶段的总肌肉能量有相当大的贡献（32%）。此外，由于储存的弹性能量的返回，所有肌肉收缩元件在蹬离过程中可将其缩短速度降低多达63%，从而因其力-速度特性产生更大的力。由于其力-长度特性，肌肉串联弹性元件吸收的额外拉伸仅允许股直肌在更接近其最佳长度的状态下工作。因此，串联弹性元件对最大高度下落跳跃中肌肉性能的贡献在于储存和返回能量，同时在蹬离过程中提高收缩元件的力产生能力。
