Durkin Shane R, Casson Robert, Newland Henry S, Selva Dinesh
South Australia Ophthalmology Network, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2006 May-Jun;34(4):329-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2006.01215.x.
To determine the prevalence of trachoma and diabetes-related eye disease within the adult Aboriginal population screened by the South Australian Eye Health Program between 1999 and 2004 inclusive.
The South Australian Eye Health Program visited 22 Aboriginal communities in remote South Australia. Visiting ophthalmologists and optometrists systematically collected data on the cohort of adult patients seen over the period 1999-2004. Prevalence and grade of trachoma according to World Health Organization classification and the prevalence and degree of diabetic retinopathy according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study and National Health and Medical Research Council guidelines were recorded.
A population of 1651 Aboriginal patients was examined. Sixty-two per cent were female and 38% were male. Twenty patients (1.2%) had evidence of active trachoma with 260 (15.7%) patients having either lid scarring, trichiasis or corneal opacity. There was no significant association between gender and the prevalence of trachoma (P = 0.48). Seven hundred and seventy-one patients within the examined population had diabetes mellitus (46.70%). Significantly more women than men were affected and prevalence increased with age (P < 0.0001). One hundred and sixty-nine patients (22%) with diabetes mellitus had features of diabetic retinopathy, and of these patients 77 had background diabetic retinopathy (46%) and 92 (54%) had either proliferative diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy. Prevalence of clinically significant macula oedema among those with maculopathy (14 of 50 patients) was 28%.
The data suggest that although trachoma is still endemic in this South Australian Aboriginal population the prevalence and severity are less than previously reported. Diabetes mellitus has a high prevalence within this population and great potential for detrimental visual sequelae.
确定1999年至2004年（含）期间，南澳大利亚眼健康项目筛查的成年原住民中沙眼和糖尿病相关眼病的患病率。
南澳大利亚眼健康项目走访了南澳大利亚偏远地区的22个原住民社区。来访的眼科医生和验光师系统收集了1999年至2004年期间成年患者队列的数据。记录了根据世界卫生组织分类的沙眼患病率和分级，以及根据早期糖尿病性视网膜病变研究和澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会指南的糖尿病性视网膜病变患病率和程度。
检查了1651名原住民患者。62%为女性，38%为男性。20名患者（1.2%）有活动性沙眼证据，260名患者（15.7%）有睑瘢痕、倒睫或角膜混浊。性别与沙眼患病率之间无显著关联（P = 0.48）。受检人群中有771名患者患有糖尿病（46.70%）。女性受影响的人数明显多于男性，患病率随年龄增长而增加（P < 0.0001）。169名糖尿病患者（22%）有糖尿病性视网膜病变特征，其中77名患者有背景性糖尿病性视网膜病变（46%），92名患者（54%）有增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变或黄斑病变。黄斑病变患者中临床显著性黄斑水肿的患病率（50名患者中的14名）为28%。
数据表明，虽然沙眼在该南澳大利亚原住民人群中仍然流行，但患病率和严重程度低于先前报告。糖尿病在该人群中患病率很高，并有导致有害视觉后遗症的巨大潜力。
