Barman P, Ghosh S, Samajdar S, Mitra U, Dutta P, Bhattacharya S K, Krishnan T, Kobayashi N, Naik T N
Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700010, West Bengal, India.
J Clin Virol. 2006 Jul;36(3):222-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2006.02.009. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
Human group B rotavirus was first identified as causative agent of a large outbreak of severe gastroenteritis affecting more than 1 million people, predominantly adults in China in 1982-1983. In spite of serological evidences for the presence of group B rotavirus in many countries of the world, the virus has been detected only from China, India and Bangladesh, where most of the cases were from adults.
To ascertain the role of group B rotavirus as an aetiological agent of diarrhoea among children in Kolkata, India.
An active surveillance was conducted for rotavirus infection in children in a leading referral paediatric hospital and a few samples were also collected from adults of another hospital in Kolkata, India over a period of 3 years (2002-2004). After primary screening of rotaviruses by RNA electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, 200 of 412 samples negative by PAGE were screened by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for group B rotaviruses. The group B rotavirus positives samples were also confirmed by dot-blot hybridization.
During the study period, we detected 37 (18.5%) sporadic cases of human group B rotavirus infection in children below 3 years of age of which 15 (7.5%) showed mixed infection with group A rotaviruses by RT-PCR. In dot-blot hybridization studies the RNA of all rotavirus positive samples hybridized with the nonisotopic psoralen-biotin labeled total RNA probe generated from a human group B rotavirus CAL-1 strain confirming the samples as group B rotaviruses.
The shift in age preference of group B rotavirus infection from adult to children and mixed infection of group B and group A rotaviruses reveals the importance of group B rotavirus as an etiological agent of childhood diarrhoea. Therefore, future vaccination strategy should include both group A and B rotaviruses to control rotavirus diarrhoea.
人类B组轮状病毒最初被确定为1982 - 1983年在中国发生的、影响超过100万人（主要是成年人）的大规模严重胃肠炎疫情的病原体。尽管世界上许多国家都有血清学证据表明存在B组轮状病毒，但该病毒仅在中国、印度和孟加拉国被检测到，其中大多数病例来自成年人。
确定印度加尔各答儿童中B组轮状病毒作为腹泻病原体的作用。
在一家主要的儿科转诊医院对儿童轮状病毒感染进行了主动监测，并在3年期间（2002 - 2004年）从印度加尔各答另一家医院的成年人中也收集了一些样本。通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中的RNA电泳对轮状病毒进行初步筛查后，对412份PAGE检测为阴性的样本中的200份进行逆转录聚合酶链反应以检测B组轮状病毒。B组轮状病毒阳性样本也通过斑点杂交进行了确认。
在研究期间，我们在3岁以下儿童中检测到37例（18.5%）散发性人类B组轮状病毒感染病例，其中15例（7.5%）通过RT-PCR显示与A组轮状病毒混合感染。在斑点杂交研究中，所有轮状病毒阳性样本的RNA与由人类B组轮状病毒CAL-1株产生的非同位素补骨脂素 - 生物素标记的总RNA探针杂交，证实这些样本为B组轮状病毒。
B组轮状病毒感染的年龄偏好从成年人转向儿童以及B组和A组轮状病毒的混合感染揭示了B组轮状病毒作为儿童腹泻病原体的重要性。因此，未来的疫苗接种策略应包括A组和B组轮状病毒以控制轮状病毒腹泻。
