Haakenson Caroline P, Vickers Kristin S, Cha Stephen S, Vachon Celine M, Thielen Jacqueline M, Kircher Kyle J, Pruthi Sandhya
Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2006 Jun;81(6):783-91. doi: 10.4065/81.6.783.
To assess the efficacy of a minimal cost and involvement educational intervention in improving women's knowledge about screening mammography and to explore patient perceptions of the educational intervention.
During the study period (March 10, 2005, to July 1, 2005), 1446 participants in the Mayo Mammography Health Study scheduled for a mammogram within 4 weeks at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, were randomized to 2 study groups and mailed surveys about mammograms. The 2 groups received separate surveys; both surveys contained knowledge-based questions about mammography, but the educational intervention group survey also contained qualitative questions that assessed the educational pamphlets.
Of the 668 surveys returned (responders), 248 (34.4%) were from the control group, and 420 (58.3%) were from the intervention group. Approximately 80% of responders had had more than 7 prior mammograms. Significant increases in knowledge about mammography were found in the educational intervention compared with the control group on questions regarding age to begin screening mammography (67.9% vs 54.4%; P < .001), recommended frequency of mammograms (86.4% vs 75.4%; P < .001), overall reduction in mortality due to screening mammography (55.2% vs 8.9%; P < .001), and proportions of women who required follow-up mammograms (35.5% vs 14.9%; P < .001) or biopsy (59.5% vs 13.3%; P < .001). Qualitative data results indicated that most women who received the educational intervention found the pamphlets helpful and informative despite having had many previous mammograms.
The results suggest that providing women scheduled for screening mammograms with physician-approved educational material before their appointment significantly increases knowledge about screening mammography, risks and benefits, and possible follow-up.
评估一项低成本且参与度低的教育干预措施在提高女性对乳腺钼靶筛查知识方面的效果，并探究患者对该教育干预措施的看法。
在研究期间（2005年3月10日至2005年7月1日），梅奥乳腺钼靶健康研究中的1446名计划在4周内于明尼苏达州罗切斯特市的梅奥诊所进行乳腺钼靶检查的参与者被随机分为2个研究组，并收到关于乳腺钼靶检查的邮寄调查问卷。两组收到的调查问卷不同；两份问卷都包含关于乳腺钼靶检查的基于知识的问题，但教育干预组的问卷还包含评估教育手册的定性问题。
在回收的668份调查问卷（回复者）中，248份（34.4%）来自对照组，420份（58.3%）来自干预组。约80%的回复者之前接受过7次以上的乳腺钼靶检查。与对照组相比，教育干预组在以下关于乳腺钼靶检查的问题上知识显著增加：开始进行乳腺钼靶筛查的年龄（67.9%对54.4%；P<.001）、推荐的乳腺钼靶检查频率（86.4%对75.4%；P<.001）、乳腺钼靶筛查导致的总体死亡率降低（55.2%对8.9%；P<.001）以及需要后续乳腺钼靶检查（35.5%对14.9%；P<.001）或活检（59.5%对13.3%；P<.001）的女性比例。定性数据结果表明，尽管大多数接受教育干预的女性之前接受过多次乳腺钼靶检查，但她们发现这些手册很有帮助且信息丰富。
结果表明，在预约前为计划进行乳腺钼靶筛查的女性提供经医生批准的教育材料，可显著增加她们对乳腺钼靶筛查、风险和益处以及可能的后续检查的知识。
