Torbaghan Ameneh Eskandari-, Farmanfarma Khadijah Kalan-, Moghaddam Alireza Ansari-, Zarei Zahra
Health Promotion Research Center, School of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 9817667993 Iran.
Faculty of Psychology and Education, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, 148984511 Iran.
Malays J Med Sci. 2014 Sep-Oct;21(5):44-50.
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer prevalent among women worldwide. Preventive behaviors such as early diagnosis through screening tests play an important role in prevention and control of the disease. This study aimed to determine the effects of educational intervention using a health belief model on breast cancer preventive behaviors.
This interventional study was conducted on 130 female employees of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. A questionnaire, made and validated by the researcher, was completed before and one month after training by the study subjects. Data were analysed using regression analysis, independent sample T-test, chi-square and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS software 18.
There were significant changes in the training group, following educational intervention in the awareness construct and in some constructs of the model including perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers, as well as in practice compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, perceived barriers remained as the only predictor in the model, such that for every unit increase in this variable, the behavior score increased by 18%.
The use of educational intervention based on Health Belief Model had positive effect on knowledge of breast cancer preventive behaviors among participants.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的癌症类型之一。通过筛查测试进行早期诊断等预防行为在该疾病的预防和控制中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在确定使用健康信念模型的教育干预对乳腺癌预防行为的影响。
本干预性研究针对扎赫丹医科大学的130名女性员工开展，她们被随机分为干预组和对照组。研究对象在培训前和培训后一个月完成了由研究人员编制并验证的问卷。使用SPSS软件18通过回归分析、独立样本T检验、卡方检验和皮尔逊相关系数对数据进行分析。
与对照组相比，培训组在教育干预后，在认知结构以及模型的一些结构（包括感知易感性、感知益处和感知障碍）方面以及在实践中均有显著变化（P < 0.05）。然而，感知障碍仍然是模型中的唯一预测因素，该变量每增加一个单位，行为得分就增加18%。
基于健康信念模型的教育干预对参与者乳腺癌预防行为的知识有积极影响。
