Blouet Clémence, Mariotti François, Azzout-Marniche Dalila, Bos Cécile, Mathé Véronique, Tomé Daniel, Huneau Jean-François
UMR 914 INRA/INA P-G Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris, France.
J Nutr. 2006 Jul;136(7):1849-54. doi: 10.1093/jn/136.7.1849.
The metabolic effect of high-protein low-carbohydrate (HP) diets on body composition and glucose homeostasis remains incompletely understood. This study assesses the respective roles of the increased protein:carbohydrate ratio (P:C) and the resulting moderate decrease in energy intake in the metabolic effects of HP diets. Rats had free access to normal (NP; 14%) or high (HP; 53%) total milk protein isoenergetic diets, or were fed the NP diet but restricted to the energy intake of HP rats (NPr), which was 89.1 +/- 9.3% that of NP rats. After 8 wk, body weight was lower in HP and NPr rats than in NP rats. In HP rats, the lower body weight was associated with a lower adipose tissue mass and a reduced proportion of large adipocytes. HP rats also had an improved oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as assessed by the homeostatic model assessment index, compared with NPr and NP rats, and these effects were related solely to the increased P:C. These data suggest that the reduced energy intake of rats fed a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet explains the lower fat deposition but an increased P:C per se improves glucose homeostasis.
高蛋白低碳水化合物（HP）饮食对身体成分和葡萄糖稳态的代谢影响仍未完全明确。本研究评估了高蛋白：碳水化合物比例（P:C）的增加以及由此导致的能量摄入适度减少在HP饮食代谢效应中的各自作用。大鼠可自由获取正常（NP；14%）或高（HP；53%）总乳蛋白等能量饮食，或者喂食NP饮食但限制能量摄入至HP大鼠的水平（NPr），NPr大鼠的能量摄入量为NP大鼠的89.1±9.3%。8周后，HP和NPr大鼠的体重低于NP大鼠。在HP大鼠中，体重降低与脂肪组织量减少和大脂肪细胞比例降低有关。与NPr和NP大鼠相比，通过稳态模型评估指数评估，HP大鼠还具有改善的口服葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性，且这些效应仅与P:C增加有关。这些数据表明，喂食高蛋白、低碳水化合物饮食的大鼠能量摄入减少解释了脂肪沉积减少的原因，但P:C本身的增加改善了葡萄糖稳态。
