Liu Chunzhao, Zhao Yan, Wang Yuchun
National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Aug;72(1):11-20. doi: 10.1007/s00253-006-0452-0. Epub 2006 Jun 3.
Artemisinin isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. is a promising and potent antimalarial drug which has a remarkable activity against chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum, and is useful in treatment of cerebral malaria. Because the low content (0.01-1 %) of artemisinin in A. annua is a limitation to the commercial production of the drug, many research groups have been focusing their researches on enhancing the production of artemisinin in tissue culture or in the whole plant of A. annua. This review mainly focuses on the progresses made in the production of artemisinin from A. annua by biotechnological strategies including in vitro tissue culture, metabolic regulation of artemisinin biosynthesis, genetic engineering, and bioreactor technology.
从黄花蒿地上部分分离得到的青蒿素是一种有前景且高效的抗疟药物，对恶性疟原虫的氯喹抗性株和氯喹敏感株均具有显著活性，可用于治疗脑型疟疾。由于黄花蒿中青蒿素含量较低（0.01 - 1%），这限制了该药物的商业化生产，许多研究团队一直致力于通过组织培养或黄花蒿整株植物来提高青蒿素的产量。本综述主要聚焦于利用生物技术策略从黄花蒿生产青蒿素所取得的进展，这些策略包括体外组织培养、青蒿素生物合成的代谢调控、基因工程以及生物反应器技术。
