Thürmann Petra A
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2006 Jul;5(4):489-93. doi: 10.1517/14740338.5.4.489.
As approximately 19% of medical errors occurring in hospitals are related to medication errors, reduction of these is one of the major goals to be achieved by healthcare providers. Medication errors may occur at different levels: i) prescribing; ii) transcription; iii) dispensing; and iv) administration. Whereas errors in transcription can be significantly reduced by computerised physician order systems, improvement of prescribing appears to be a much larger problem. Continuous support by ward pharmacists may be feasible in some hospitals, but not in the setting of ambulatory prescribing. Much hope relies on computerised physician order systems with a knowledge database for interactions, warnings on allergies and other intelligent alerts. However, these systems still have some shortcomings and it has not yet convincingly been shown that the use of this technology really improves patient safety.
由于医院中约19%的医疗差错与用药差错有关，减少用药差错是医疗服务提供者要实现的主要目标之一。用药差错可能发生在不同环节：i）开处方；ii）转录；iii）配药；iv）给药。虽然计算机化医嘱系统可显著减少转录差错，但改善开处方似乎是个更大的问题。在一些医院，病房药师持续提供支持可能可行，但在门诊开处方的情况下则不可行。人们寄厚望于具备药物相互作用知识数据库、过敏警示及其他智能提醒功能的计算机化医嘱系统。然而，这些系统仍存在一些缺点，且尚未有令人信服的证据表明使用该技术真的能提高患者安全性。
