Ross B D
Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105.
NMR Biomed. 1991 Apr;4(2):59-63. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1940040205.
Glutamate and glutamine, which can be clearly identified and, in part, quantified in proton spectra of the brain, play important roles in normal and pathological biochemistry. Pathways of glutamate metabolism include transamination, dehydrogenation, deamination and decarboxylation (to GABA). Glutamine is notable in hepatic encephalopathy, but is also a significant metabolic fuel in several other organs and tissues, including neoplasms. Myo-inositol is a 6-carbon alcohol which acquires new interest from its detection and quantitation in 1H spectra. Its role, apart from a biochemical relationship to messenger-inositol polyphosphates, is unclear.
谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺在大脑质子谱中能够被清晰识别，部分还可被定量，它们在正常和病理生物化学过程中发挥着重要作用。谷氨酸代谢途径包括转氨作用、脱氢作用、脱氨作用和脱羧作用（生成γ-氨基丁酸）。谷氨酰胺在肝性脑病中值得关注，但在包括肿瘤在内的其他一些器官和组织中也是一种重要的代谢燃料。肌醇是一种六碳醇，因其在氢质子谱中的检测和定量而受到新的关注。除了与信使肌醇多磷酸存在生化关系外，其作用尚不清楚。
