Dionigi Gianlorenzo, Rovera Francesca, Boni Luigi, Carrafiello Gianpaolo, Mangini Monica, Dionigi Renzo
Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Rays. 2005 Oct-Dec;30(4):351-6.
Esophageal resection for cancer is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Postoperative complications may be either patient- or surgeon-related. Patient-related factors include age, malnutrition, immunodepression and associated diseases. Surgeon-related factors are surgical experience, hospital volume and multidisciplinary approach. In the last 20 years major improvements and new technologies have been proposed and applied in esophageal surgery: its evolution depended on a thorough knowledge of surgical anatomy and technique, as well as on important developments in pre- and postoperative care. Preoperative evaluation is defined as the process of clinical assessment that precedes the induction of anesthesia. The principle is to gain information about the patient that could lead to modify his/her management, and improve outcome.
食管癌切除术的发病率和死亡率仍然很高。术后并发症可能与患者或外科医生有关。与患者相关的因素包括年龄、营养不良、免疫抑制和相关疾病。与外科医生相关的因素包括手术经验、医院规模和多学科方法。在过去20年里，食管外科手术提出并应用了重大改进和新技术：其发展依赖于对手术解剖学和技术的全面了解，以及术前和术后护理的重要进展。术前评估被定义为麻醉诱导前的临床评估过程。其原则是获取有关患者的信息，从而可能改变对其的治疗方式并改善治疗结果。
