Dionigi Gianlorenzo, Rovera Francesca, Boni Luigi, Bellani Marco, Bacuzzi Alessandro, Carrafiello Gianpaolo, Dionigi Renzo
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, Viale Borri, 57, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2006 Apr;6(4):581-93. doi: 10.1586/14737140.6.4.581.
In the past few years, major improvements and new technologies have been proposed and applied in esophageal surgery. Its evolution depended not only on a thorough knowledge of surgical anatomy and technique, but also on important developments in pre- and postoperative care. Esophageal resection for cancer is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Postoperative complications may be either patient or surgeon related. Patient-related factors include age, malnutrition, immunodepression and associated diseases. The surgeon-related factors are surgical experience, hospital volume and multidisciplinary approach. Preoperative evaluation is defined as the process of clinical assessment that precedes the delivery of anesthesia. The principle is to gain information concerning patients that leads to modification of their management, and improves the outcome from surgery.
在过去几年中，食管外科领域提出并应用了重大改进和新技术。其发展不仅依赖于对手术解剖学和技术的深入了解，还依赖于术前和术后护理的重要进展。食管癌切除术仍伴随着较高的发病率和死亡率。术后并发症可能与患者或外科医生有关。与患者相关的因素包括年龄、营养不良、免疫抑制和相关疾病。与外科医生相关的因素是手术经验、医院规模和多学科方法。术前评估被定义为在麻醉实施之前进行的临床评估过程。其原则是获取有关患者的信息，从而改变对他们的治疗方式，并改善手术结果。
