Babb J R, Bradley C R
Hospital Infection Research Laboratory, Dudley Road Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
J Hosp Infect. 1991 Jun;18 Suppl A:130-5. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(91)90014-y.
The decontamination of flexible fibreoptic endoscopes has considerably improved in recent years. This is mainly due to the introduction of instruments with more accessible channels, the use of automated washer disinfectors and a greater awareness of the problems associated with disinfection. Unfortunately the most widely used and effective disinfectant is 2% glutaraldehyde and this is toxic, irritant and sensitizing. With the implementation of Control of Substances Hazardous to Health legislation, strict environmental controls are required to reduce skin contact and vapour inhalation. Alcohol is probably the most suitable alternative disinfectant at present but it is flammable and cannot be used in automated systems. Other agents are either insufficiently effective or corrosive. Autoclavable or heat tolerant rigid endoscopes are now available but flexible endoscopes will not tolerate heat disinfection temperatures.
近年来，软性纤维光学内窥镜的去污处理有了显著改善。这主要归功于通道更容易接近的仪器的引入、自动清洗消毒器的使用以及对消毒相关问题的更多认识。不幸的是，最广泛使用且有效的消毒剂是2%的戊二醛，它有毒、有刺激性且会引起过敏。随着《危害健康物质控制法》的实施，需要严格的环境控制以减少皮肤接触和蒸汽吸入。酒精可能是目前最合适的替代消毒剂，但它易燃，不能用于自动化系统。其他试剂要么效果不够好，要么具有腐蚀性。现在有可高压灭菌或耐热的硬性内窥镜，但软性内窥镜无法承受热消毒温度。
