Yamaki Koh-ichi, Saga Tsuyoshi, Hirata Tetsushi, Sakaino Masanori, Nohno Mariko, Kobayashi Seiji, Hirao Takeshi
Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
Anat Sci Int. 2006 Jun;81(2):100-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-073x.2006.00133.x.
The aim of the present study was to examine the vertebral arteries. The origins of the right and left vertebral arteries and their entrance points into the cervical transverse foramen were examined in dissections of 515 Japanese cadavers (303 males, 212 females) at Kurume University School of Medicine from 1990 to 2003. There were 515 right vertebral arteries and 514 left vertebral arteries. The right vertebral artery originated from the right subclavian artery in 514 of 515 arteries and one of the arteries arose from the bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk. The mean distance between the origin of the right subclavian artery and the right vertebral artery was 20.9 mm. The left vertebral artery originated from the left subclavian artery in 484 of 514 arteries and the mean distance between the origin of the left subclavian artery and the left vertebral artery was 32.1 mm. The remaining 30 arteries (5.8%) originated from the aortic arch between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery and this frequency is similar to previously published data. There was no right-left difference for the entrance point of the vertebral arteries into the cervical transverse foramen and the 6th cervical vertebra (C6) was the most common entrance point. Seventy-eight percent of our cases had right and left vertebral arteries that originated in the subclavian arteries and entered the cervical transverse foramen at C6. Among the 30 left vertebral arteries that originated from the aortic arch, 20 arteries (66.7%) entered a cervical transverse foramen at a level higher than C6. This frequency was higher than that for the left vertebral artery that originated from the subclavian artery.
本研究的目的是检查椎动脉。在1990年至2003年期间，对久留米大学医学院的515具日本尸体（303例男性，212例女性）进行解剖，检查左右椎动脉的起源及其进入颈椎横突孔的入口点。共有515条右椎动脉和514条左椎动脉。515条右椎动脉中，有514条起源于右锁骨下动脉，1条起源于头臂干分叉处。右锁骨下动脉起源与右椎动脉之间的平均距离为20.9毫米。514条左椎动脉中，有484条起源于左锁骨下动脉，左锁骨下动脉起源与左椎动脉之间的平均距离为32.1毫米。其余30条动脉（5.8%）起源于左颈总动脉和左锁骨下动脉之间的主动脉弓，这一频率与先前发表的数据相似。椎动脉进入颈椎横突孔的入口点没有左右差异，第6颈椎（C6）是最常见的入口点。我们的病例中有78%的左右椎动脉起源于锁骨下动脉并在C6处进入颈椎横突孔。在30条起源于主动脉弓的左椎动脉中，有20条动脉（66.7%）在高于C6的水平进入颈椎横突孔。这一频率高于起源于锁骨下动脉的左椎动脉。
