Wagner Ullrich, Hallschmid Manfred, Rasch Björn, Born Jan
Department of Neuroendocrinology, Medical University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Oct 1;60(7):788-90. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.061. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
Sleep after learning supports memory consolidation. However, long-lasting memory effects of sleep have not yet been investigated. Postlearning sleep may be particularly involved in the long-term retention of emotional memories and could thereby contribute to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a disease thought to result from overconsolidation of traumatic memories.
Subjects (healthy men) who had learned neutral and emotional texts immediately before sleeping or remaining awake for the subsequent 3 hours were recontacted after 4 years for long-term memory assessment (forced-choice recognition test).
Sleep following learning compared with wakefulness enhanced memory for emotional texts after 4 years (p = .001). No such enhancement was observed for neutral texts (p = .571).
Brief periods of sleep immediately following learning cause preservation of emotional memories over several years. Sleep deprivation in the immediate aftermath of traumatic events could be a promising therapeutic measure to prevent PTSD.
学习后的睡眠有助于记忆巩固。然而，睡眠对记忆的长期影响尚未得到研究。学习后的睡眠可能特别参与情绪记忆的长期保留，从而可能导致创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发展，这是一种被认为由创伤性记忆过度巩固导致的疾病。
在入睡或随后保持清醒3小时之前立即学习中性和情感文本的受试者（健康男性），4年后再次联系进行长期记忆评估（强制选择识别测试）。
与清醒相比，学习后睡眠增强了4年后对情感文本的记忆（p = 0.001）。对于中性文本未观察到这种增强（p = 0.571）。
学习后立即进行的短暂睡眠可使情绪记忆保存数年。创伤事件后立即剥夺睡眠可能是预防创伤后应激障碍的一种有前景的治疗措施。
