Kenardy Justin, Smith Andrea, Spence Susan H, Lilley Peta-Rochelle, Newcombe Peter, Dob Rian, Robinson Susan
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(3):456-66. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.05.007. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
This research examined the nature of children's trauma narrative themes and the relationship between these themes and concurrent and future trauma symptoms. Eighty-seven children aged 7-15 years, and their parents, participated following child exposure to a traumatic event requiring hospitalization. At 4-7 weeks post-trauma, a diagnostic interview was conducted with parents and a trauma narrative was obtained from the child. At 6 months post-trauma the diagnostic interview was re-conducted. Results provided only weak evidence of an association between dissociative trauma narrative themes and PTSD symptoms. Specifically, children who showed temporal disorganization, but not absence of emotion or dissociative amnesia, in narrative themes were more likely to report concurrent subsyndromal PTSD symptoms at 4-7 weeks post-trauma. Children who showed absence of emotion (or at least one dissociative theme) in the trauma narrative were more likely to show symptoms of hyperarousal, but not other symptoms of PTSD, at 6 months post-trauma. These findings have implications for understanding the role of dissociation and the development of PTSD in children.
本研究考察了儿童创伤叙事主题的本质，以及这些主题与当前和未来创伤症状之间的关系。八十七名7至15岁的儿童及其父母在儿童经历需要住院治疗的创伤事件后参与了研究。在创伤后4至7周，对父母进行了诊断访谈，并让儿童撰写了创伤叙事。在创伤后6个月，再次进行了诊断访谈。结果仅提供了微弱的证据，证明解离性创伤叙事主题与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状之间存在关联。具体而言，在叙事主题中表现出时间混乱但没有情感缺失或解离性遗忘的儿童，在创伤后4至7周更有可能报告当前的亚综合征PTSD症状。在创伤叙事中表现出情感缺失（或至少一个解离主题）的儿童，在创伤后6个月更有可能表现出过度警觉症状，但没有PTSD的其他症状。这些发现对于理解解离在儿童PTSD中的作用以及PTSD的发展具有启示意义。
