Rubin David C, Deffler Samantha A, Ogle Christin M, Dowell Nia M, Graesser Arthur C, Beckham Jean C
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University.
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2016 Jan;125(1):11-25. doi: 10.1037/abn0000126. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
We examined the coherence of trauma memories in a trauma-exposed community sample of 30 adults with and 30 without posttraumatic stress disorder. The groups had similar categories of traumas and were matched on multiple factors that could affect the coherence of memories. We compared the transcribed oral trauma memories of participants with their most important and most positive memories. A comprehensive set of 28 measures of coherence including 3 ratings by the participants, 7 ratings by outside raters, and 18 computer-scored measures, provided a variety of approaches to defining and measuring coherence. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated differences in coherence among the trauma, important, and positive memories, but not between the diagnostic groups or their interaction with these memory types. Most differences were small in magnitude; in some cases, the trauma memories were more, rather than less, coherent than the control memories. Where differences existed, the results agreed with the existing literature, suggesting that factors other than the incoherence of trauma memories are most likely to be central to the maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder and thus its treatment.
我们在一个有创伤经历的社区样本中，对30名患有创伤后应激障碍的成年人和30名未患创伤后应激障碍的成年人的创伤记忆连贯性进行了研究。两组的创伤类别相似，并在可能影响记忆连贯性的多个因素上进行了匹配。我们将参与者转录的口头创伤记忆与其最重要和最积极的记忆进行了比较。一套全面的28项连贯性测量指标，包括参与者的3项评分、外部评分者的7项评分以及18项计算机评分指标，提供了多种定义和测量连贯性的方法。多变量方差分析表明，创伤记忆、重要记忆和积极记忆之间在连贯性上存在差异，但诊断组之间或它们与这些记忆类型的相互作用之间不存在差异。大多数差异的幅度较小；在某些情况下，创伤记忆比对照记忆更连贯，而不是更不连贯。在存在差异的地方，结果与现有文献一致，这表明创伤记忆的不连贯性以外的因素最有可能是创伤后应激障碍维持及其治疗的核心。
