Sonawane Vijay Chintaman
Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, PIN 160 036, India.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2006 Apr-Jun;26(2):95-120. doi: 10.1080/07388550600718630.
Semisynthetic cephalosporins are important antibacterials in clinical practice. Semisynthetic cephalosporins are manufactured by derivatizing 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) and its desacetylated form. Microbial enzymes such as D-amino acid oxidase, glutaryl-7-ACA acylase and cephalosporin esterase are being used as biocatalysts for the conversion of cephalosporin C (CEPH-C) to 7-ACA and its desacetylated derivatives. Recent developments in the field of enzymatic modifications of cephalosporin with special emphasis on group of enzymes called as cephalosporin acylase is discussed in this review. Aspects related to screening methods, isolation and purification, immobilization, molecular cloning, gene structure and expression and protein engineering of cephalosporin acylases have been covered. Topics pertaining to enzymatic modifications of cephalosporin by D-amino acid oxidase, cephalosporin methoxylase and beta-lactamase are also covered.
半合成头孢菌素是临床实践中重要的抗菌药物。半合成头孢菌素是通过对7-氨基头孢烷酸（7-ACA）及其去乙酰化形式进行衍生化制备的。微生物酶如D-氨基酸氧化酶、戊二酰-7-ACA酰基转移酶和头孢菌素酯酶正被用作生物催化剂，用于将头孢菌素C（CEPH-C）转化为7-ACA及其去乙酰化衍生物。本文综述了头孢菌素酶促修饰领域的最新进展，特别强调了一类称为头孢菌素酰基转移酶的酶。文中涵盖了与头孢菌素酰基转移酶的筛选方法、分离纯化、固定化、分子克隆、基因结构与表达以及蛋白质工程相关的内容。还涉及了D-氨基酸氧化酶、头孢菌素甲氧基化酶和β-内酰胺酶对头孢菌素的酶促修饰相关主题。
