Oser Carrie B, Smiley McDonald Hope M, Havens Jennifer R, Leukefeld Carl G, Webster J Matthew, Cosentino-Boehm Abby L
Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
J Rural Health. 2006 Summer;22(3):273-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2006.00045.x.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in rural America has been described as an epidemic, and the HIV prevalence rate among criminal justice populations is higher than the general population. Thus, criminally involved populations in Southern rural areas are at elevated risk for contracting HIV because of drug and sexual practices; however, little is known about HIV/AIDS in the fastest growing criminal justice population-probationers.
To examine possible explanations for the lack of HIV seropositivity found in a purposive sample of rural probationers.
Data were examined from 800 felony probationers from 30 counties in Kentucky's Appalachian region. Measures included HIV prevalence within the 30 counties, migration patterns, HIV knowledge, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors.
These probationers had a high level of HIV knowledge, reported minimal injection drug use, practiced serial monogamy, and reported minimal engagement in transactional sex. However, these probationers also reported negligible condom use, and injection drug users shared needles and works.
Findings suggest the importance of developing programs targeting safe sex practices in rural areas.
美国农村地区的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）已被描述为一种流行病，刑事司法人群中的HIV流行率高于普通人群。因此，由于吸毒和性行为，美国南部农村地区涉及犯罪的人群感染HIV的风险较高；然而，对于增长最快的刑事司法人群——缓刑犯中的HIV/AIDS情况，人们了解甚少。
探讨在农村缓刑犯的目标样本中未发现HIV血清阳性的可能原因。
对肯塔基州阿巴拉契亚地区30个县的800名重罪缓刑犯的数据进行了研究。测量指标包括这30个县内的HIV流行率、迁移模式、HIV知识、物质使用情况以及性风险行为。
这些缓刑犯具备较高的HIV知识水平，报告的注射吸毒情况极少，实行连续一夫一妻制，且报告的交易性行为参与度极低。然而，这些缓刑犯也报告称避孕套使用率极低，注射吸毒者共用针头和工具。
研究结果表明，制定针对农村地区安全性行为的项目具有重要意义。
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