一项由学校护士实施的青少年戒烟干预措施：一项随机对照试验。

A school nurse-delivered adolescent smoking cessation intervention: a randomized controlled trial.

作者信息

Pbert Lori, Osganian Stavroula K, Gorak Diane, Druker Susan, Reed George, O'Neill Katherine M, Sheetz Anne

机构信息

Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.

出版信息

Prev Med. 2006 Oct;43(4):312-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.04.006. Epub 2006 Jul 10.

DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.04.006

PMID:16828858

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a school nurse-delivered smoking cessation intervention to improve abstinence rates among adolescents interested in quitting.

METHODS

Seventy-one high schools in Massachusetts were randomized to either a four-session one-on-one school nurse-delivered smoking cessation intervention (37 schools, n = 571) or usual smoking cessation care control condition (34 schools, n = 577). Adolescents in grades 9-12 who smoked in the past 30 days completed surveys at baseline, 6 weeks and 3 months. The study was conducted during the 2002-2003 school year.

RESULTS

Thirty-day self-reported abstinence rates were significantly greater in students in the intervention compared to control condition at 6 weeks (18% vs. 2%, respectively) and 3 months (24% vs. 5%, respectively). After adjusting for school and potential confounders, students in the intervention schools had odds of quitting 8 times greater than students in the control schools at 6 weeks (OR = 8.4; 95% CI 3.7, 20.6) and 6 times greater at 3 months (OR = 6.4; 95% CI 3.4, 11.4). School nurses delivered intervention with a high degree of fidelity.

CONCLUSIONS

A four-session smoking cessation intervention can feasibly be delivered by school nurses and increase self-reported short-term abstinence rates among students interested in quitting smoking.

摘要

背景

本研究的目的是评估由学校护士提供的戒烟干预措施在提高有戒烟意愿的青少年戒烟率方面的效果。

方法

马萨诸塞州的71所高中被随机分为两组，一组接受由学校护士提供的为期四节的一对一戒烟干预（37所学校，n = 571），另一组接受常规戒烟护理对照（34所学校，n = 577）。在过去30天内吸烟的9至12年级青少年在基线、6周和3个月时完成调查。该研究在2002 - 2003学年进行。

结果

在6周时（分别为18%对2%）和3个月时（分别为24%对5%），干预组学生的30天自我报告戒烟率显著高于对照组。在对学校和潜在混杂因素进行调整后，干预学校的学生在6周时戒烟的几率比对照学校的学生高8倍（OR = 8.4；95% CI 3.7，20.6），在3个月时高6倍（OR = 6.4；95% CI 3.4，11.4）。学校护士实施干预的保真度很高。