Mackenzie Douglas G, Craig George, Hallam Nicholas F, Moore Janelle, Stevenson Janet
Public Health Department, NHS Fife, Cameron House, Windygates, Leven, Fife KY8 5RG.
Br J Gen Pract. 2006 Jul;56(528):526-9.
The number of cases of mumps in the UK has increased during 2004-2005. Understanding why some people are more susceptible to mumps infection will help target vaccination and other control measures in the future. This paper describes a mumps outbreak in a boarding school in Scotland (October to November 2004).
To describe the characteristics of cases in a mumps outbreak; and to conduct a case-control study looking at the effect of previous measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination.
Descriptive epidemiology.
Clinical, laboratory and surveillance data.
A private school with 600 boarding and day pupils.
Fifty cases were notified to the public health department as having mumps. Twenty of the cases (40%) were confirmed virologically, all born between 1987-1991. A matched case-control study was conducted to explore the effect of prior MMR vaccination. Compared to no vaccine, MMR protected against mumps (odds ratio = 0.7), two doses offering best protection (odds ratio = 0.5), but the study was not large enough to detect a statistically significant difference.
Some children and young people in the UK are currently incompletely vaccinated. This outbreak illustrates the potential of a mumps outbreak to disrupt the medical, educational and social life of a school. All children should be vaccinated with two doses of MMR vaccine before school entry. Children and young people born between 1979-1991 should be given the necessary additional dose(s) of MMR vaccine.
2004 - 2005年期间，英国腮腺炎病例数有所增加。了解为何有些人更容易感染腮腺炎，将有助于未来确定疫苗接种及其他防控措施的目标人群。本文描述了苏格兰一所寄宿学校（2004年10月至11月）发生的腮腺炎疫情。
描述腮腺炎疫情中病例的特征；并开展一项病例对照研究，观察既往麻疹 - 腮腺炎 - 风疹（MMR）疫苗接种的效果。
描述性流行病学研究。
临床、实验室及监测数据。
一所拥有600名寄宿生和走读生的私立学校。
向公共卫生部门报告了50例腮腺炎病例。其中20例（40%）经病毒学确诊，均出生于1987年至1991年之间。开展了一项匹配病例对照研究，以探讨既往MMR疫苗接种的效果。与未接种疫苗相比，MMR疫苗对腮腺炎有防护作用（比值比 = 0.7），两剂疫苗提供的保护最佳（比值比 = 0.5），但该研究规模不足以检测到具有统计学意义的差异。
英国目前一些儿童和青少年的疫苗接种并不完全。此次疫情表明腮腺炎疫情有可能扰乱学校的医疗、教育和社会生活。所有儿童在入学前均应接种两剂MMR疫苗。1979年至1991年出生的儿童和青少年应接种必要的额外剂量MMR疫苗。
