Falk Torkel, Jönsson Lennart, Olsen Lisbeth H, Pedersen Henrik D
Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Cardiovasc Pathol. 2006 Jul-Aug;15(4):185-93. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2006.04.003.
The occurrence of small vessel arteriosclerosis in the myocardium, kidney, and lung in dogs with naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease has not been previously investigated systematically.
Twenty-one dogs with naturally occurring congestive heart failure and 21 age-matched, sex-matched, and weight-matched control dogs underwent extensive pathological and histopathological examination. Morphometry and scoring of tissue sections were used to measure arterial narrowing and fibrosis in the myocardium, kidney, and lung; and intimal thickness and plaque formation in the aorta and pulmonary artery.
Dogs with congestive heart failure had significantly more arterial narrowing in the left ventricle (P < .003), lung (P < .0001), and kidney (P < .02); intimal-medial thickening in the pulmonary artery (P = .04); and fibrosis in the left ventricle (P < .0001) than control dogs. However, they did not have more plaque formation or intimal-medial thickening in the aorta than controls. There was significantly more arterial narrowing in papillary muscles than in all other locations in dogs with congestive heart failure (P < .002). In control dogs, arterial changes were less pronounced and did not differ in different locations.
Dogs with naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease have significantly more arterial changes in the myocardium, lung, and kidney, and significantly more fibrosis in the myocardium than control dogs. This could have important implications in the management of myxomatous mitral valve disease and raises interesting questions about the occurrence and importance of intramural small vessel disease in humans with primary mitral valve prolapse.
自然发生黏液瘤样二尖瓣疾病的犬类心肌、肾脏和肺部小血管动脉硬化的发生情况此前尚未进行系统研究。
21只自然发生充血性心力衰竭的犬和21只年龄、性别及体重匹配的对照犬接受了广泛的病理和组织病理学检查。采用组织切片的形态计量学和评分来测量心肌、肾脏和肺部的动脉狭窄及纤维化情况；以及主动脉和肺动脉的内膜厚度及斑块形成情况。
与对照犬相比，充血性心力衰竭犬的左心室（P <.003）、肺部（P <.0001）和肾脏（P <.02）的动脉狭窄显著更多；肺动脉内膜 - 中膜增厚（P =.04）；左心室纤维化（P <.0001）。然而，它们主动脉中的斑块形成或内膜 - 中膜增厚并不比对照犬更多。在充血性心力衰竭犬中，乳头肌的动脉狭窄明显多于所有其他部位（P <.002）。在对照犬中，动脉变化不明显，且不同部位无差异。
自然发生黏液瘤样二尖瓣疾病的犬类心肌、肺部和肾脏的动脉变化显著多于对照犬，心肌纤维化也显著更多。这可能对黏液瘤样二尖瓣疾病的管理具有重要意义，并引发了关于原发性二尖瓣脱垂患者壁内小血管疾病的发生及重要性的有趣问题。
