Thornton J Daryl, Wong Kristine A, Cardenas Vicky, Curtis J Randall, Spigner Clarence, Allen Margaret D
Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Aug;39(2):266-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.12.028.
To explore ethnic and gender differences in willingness to donate organs among teenagers and determine factors associated with those differences.
A cross-sectional survey was administered to 883 students attending health science class at nine inner-city high schools in Seattle, Washington. Knowledge and personal experience regarding donation and transplantation, willingness to donate on an ordinal scale, and student demographics were measured.
Although only 40% of the cohort had a driver's license, 24% of those with driver's licenses had signed a donor card. Girls were more willing to donate than boys (p < .001) and whites more willing to donate than minorities (p < .001). In a multivariate ordinal logistic regression model, after controlling for school, age, religious preference, home zip code, knowledge regarding donation, willingness to receive a transplant, conversations with others regarding donation, and knowing someone who had donated or received an organ, girls remained more willing to donate compared to boys (odds ratio [OR] 2.10), and white students remained more willing to donate than black (OR 2.38), Chinese (OR 3.03), Hispanic (OR 2.5), Southeast Asian (OR 2.86) and other ethnic students (OR 3.33) (all p < .05).
Gender and ethnic differences in willingness to donate organs exist among high school students. Efforts to increase teenage donation should focus on increasing knowledge and promoting communication about donation with others while remaining cognizant of gender and ethnic differences regarding motivators for donation.
探讨青少年器官捐献意愿的种族和性别差异，并确定与这些差异相关的因素。
对华盛顿州西雅图市九所市中心高中参加健康科学课程的883名学生进行了横断面调查。测量了关于捐献和移植的知识与个人经历、按顺序量表表示的捐献意愿以及学生的人口统计学特征。
尽管该队列中只有40%的人持有驾照，但持有驾照的人中有24%签署了捐献卡。女孩比男孩更愿意捐献（p < .001），白人比少数族裔更愿意捐献（p < .001）。在多变量有序逻辑回归模型中，在控制了学校、年龄、宗教偏好、家庭邮政编码、关于捐献的知识、接受移植的意愿、与他人关于捐献的交谈以及认识有过器官捐献或接受器官移植的人之后，与男孩相比，女孩仍然更愿意捐献（优势比[OR] 2.10），白人学生比黑人（OR 2.38）、中国人（OR 3.03）、西班牙裔（OR 2.5）、东南亚人（OR 2.86）和其他种族学生（OR 3.33）更愿意捐献（所有p < .05）。
高中生在器官捐献意愿上存在性别和种族差异。增加青少年捐献的努力应集中在增加知识以及促进与他人关于捐献的交流，同时要意识到在捐献动机方面的性别和种族差异。
