González-Candela Mónica, Cubero-Pablo María José, Martín-Atance Pablo, León-Vizcaíno Luis
Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
J Wildl Dis. 2006 Apr;42(2):325-34. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-42.2.325.
The Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) population of southern Spain was surveyed for potential pathogens associated with the conjunctiva, external ear canal, as well as reproductive and upper respiratory tracts. We sampled 321 ibex (131 adult males, 100 adult females, and 90 yearlings); these included 271 apparently healthy animals and 50 that were naturally infected with Sarcoptes scabiei. A total of 688 bacterial isolates were identified (377 gram-negatives, 225 gram-positives, and 86 Mycoplasma spp.); sex, age, location, infection with S. scabiei, and disposition of the animal (free-ranging versus captive) were evaluated as risk factors for infection. Infections with Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma arginini were associated with age, having a higher frequency of isolation in young animals. With Escherichia coli, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida biotype A, and Staphylococcus aureus, significantly higher isolation rates were associated with adults. The isolation frequency for E. coli was higher in females, whereas Moraxella bovis isolations were mostly associated with males. The presence of mange increased the risk of infection with both Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and M. haemolytica. The geographic origin of sampled animals was related to the isolation of Branhamella ovis, M. agalactiae, and all Pasteurella sp. Isolations of M. haemolytica, P. multocida biotype A, E. coli, and B. ovis were more prevalent in samples from free-ranging rather than captive animals. Of the gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus represented the predominant species isolated from nasal, vaginal, and ocular samples. Mycoplasma agalactiae and M. arginini were the predominant Mycoplasma spp., and both were associated most often with the external ear canal. The most frequently isolated gram-negative bacteria included E. coli, M. haemolytica, P. multocida biotype A, and B. ovis. Isolation rates of gram-negative species varied by source. In nasal samples, M. haemolytica and P. multocida biotype A were isolated most frequently, whereas in ocular and vaginal samples, B. ovis and E. coli, respectively, were most frequently isolated.
对西班牙南部的西班牙羱羊（Capra pyrenaica hispanica）种群进行了调查，以寻找与结膜、外耳道以及生殖和上呼吸道相关的潜在病原体。我们对321只羱羊进行了采样（131只成年雄性、100只成年雌性和90只一岁幼羊）；其中包括271只看似健康的动物和50只自然感染疥螨的动物。共鉴定出688株细菌分离株（377株革兰氏阴性菌、225株革兰氏阳性菌和86株支原体）；将性别、年龄、位置、疥螨感染情况以及动物的状态（放养与圈养）评估为感染的风险因素。无乳支原体和精氨酸支原体感染与年龄有关，在幼龄动物中的分离频率较高。大肠杆菌、溶血曼氏杆菌、多杀巴斯德菌生物型A和金黄色葡萄球菌的分离率显著较高与成年动物有关。大肠杆菌在雌性中的分离频率较高，而牛莫拉菌的分离大多与雄性有关。疥癣的存在增加了感染马链球菌兽疫亚种和溶血曼氏杆菌的风险。采样动物的地理来源与绵羊布兰汉菌、无乳支原体和所有巴斯德菌属的分离有关。溶血曼氏杆菌、多杀巴斯德菌生物型A、大肠杆菌和绵羊布兰汉菌的分离在放养动物的样本中比圈养动物更普遍。在革兰氏阳性菌中，金黄色葡萄球菌是从鼻腔、阴道和眼部样本中分离出的主要菌种。无乳支原体和精氨酸支原体是主要的支原体菌种，两者最常与外耳道相关。最常分离出的革兰氏阴性菌包括大肠杆菌、溶血曼氏杆菌、多杀巴斯德菌生物型A和绵羊布兰汉菌。革兰氏阴性菌的分离率因来源而异。在鼻腔样本中，溶血曼氏杆菌和多杀巴斯德菌生物型A最常被分离出，而在眼部和阴道样本中，分别最常分离出的是绵羊布兰汉菌和大肠杆菌。
