Fulda S, Debatin K-M
University Children's Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
Oncogene. 2006 Aug 7;25(34):4798-811. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209608.
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a key regulator of physiological growth control and regulation of tissue homeostasis. One of the most important advances in cancer research in recent years is the recognition that cell death mostly by apoptosis is crucially involved in the regulation of tumor formation and also critically determines treatment response. Killing of tumor cells by most anticancer strategies currently used in clinical oncology, for example, chemotherapy, gamma-irradiation, suicide gene therapy or immunotherapy, has been linked to activation of apoptosis signal transduction pathways in cancer cells such as the intrinsic and/or extrinsic pathway. Thus, failure to undergo apoptosis may result in treatment resistance. Understanding the molecular events that regulate apoptosis in response to anticancer chemotherapy, and how cancer cells evade apoptotic death, provides novel opportunities for a more rational approach to develop molecular-targeted therapies for combating cancer.
细胞凋亡或程序性细胞死亡是生理生长控制和组织稳态调节的关键调节因子。近年来癌症研究中最重要的进展之一是认识到，主要通过细胞凋亡的细胞死亡在肿瘤形成的调节中至关重要，并且还决定性地决定治疗反应。目前临床肿瘤学中使用的大多数抗癌策略，例如化疗、伽马射线照射、自杀基因疗法或免疫疗法，杀死肿瘤细胞都与癌细胞中凋亡信号转导途径（如内在和/或外在途径）的激活有关。因此，无法发生细胞凋亡可能导致治疗抵抗。了解响应抗癌化疗调节细胞凋亡的分子事件，以及癌细胞如何逃避凋亡死亡，为开发对抗癌症的分子靶向疗法提供了更合理方法的新机会。
