Pepperberg Irene M
Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
J Comp Psychol. 2006 Aug;120(3):205-16. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.120.3.205.
A grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus), able to label the color of the bigger or smaller object in a pair (I. M. Pepperberg & M. V. Brezinsky, 1991), to vocally quantify < or =6 item sets (including heterogeneous subsets; I. M. Pepperberg, 1994), and separately trained to identify Arabic numerals 1-6 with the same vocal English labels but not to associate Arabic numbers with their relevant physical quantities, was shown pairs of Arabic numbers or an Arabic numeral and a set of objects and was asked for the color of the bigger or smaller one. The parrot's success showed he (a) understood number symbols as abstract representations of real-world collections, (b) inferred the relationship between the Arabic number and the quantity via stimulus equivalence, and (c) understood the ordinal relationship of his numbers.
一只非洲灰鹦鹉（Psittacus erithacus），能够辨别一对物体中较大或较小物体的颜色（I. M. 佩珀伯格和M. V. 布雷津斯基，1991年），能够用声音对≤6个物品集进行量化（包括异类子集；I. M. 佩珀伯格，1994年），并且经过单独训练能够用相同的英语语音标签识别阿拉伯数字1 - 6，但未训练其将阿拉伯数字与相关物理量联系起来。向这只鹦鹉展示成对的阿拉伯数字或一个阿拉伯数字与一组物体，然后要求它说出较大或较小物体的颜色。这只鹦鹉的成功表明它（a）将数字符号理解为现实世界集合的抽象表示，（b）通过刺激等价性推断阿拉伯数字与数量之间的关系，以及（c）理解其数字的顺序关系。
