Smith Bruce D
Archaeobiology Program, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 15;103(33):12223-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604335103. Epub 2006 Aug 7.
The status of eastern North America as an independent center of plant domestication has recently been called into question by a number of genetic and archaeological studies, which suggest that the region may not have witnessed the independent domestication of local crop plants, but rather may have been on the receiving end of domesticated crop plants introduced from Mexico. Here, I provide a synthesis of the currently available archaeological and genetic evidence from both eastern North America and Mexico regarding the spatial and temporal context of initial domestication of the four plant species identified as potential eastern North American domesticates: marshelder (Iva annua), chenopod (Chenopodium berlandieri), squash (Cucurbita pepo), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Genetic and archaeological evidence provides strong support for the independent domestication of all four of these plant species in the eastern United States and reconfirms the region as one of the world's independent centers of domestication.
北美东部作为一个独立的植物驯化中心的地位最近受到了一些基因和考古研究的质疑，这些研究表明该地区可能没有见证当地作物植物的独立驯化，而是可能接受了从墨西哥引入的驯化作物植物。在这里，我综合了目前来自北美东部和墨西哥的考古和基因证据，这些证据涉及被确定为北美东部潜在驯化植物的四种植物物种的初始驯化的时空背景：沼泽藜（Iva annua）、藜科植物（Chenopodium berlandieri）、南瓜（Cucurbita pepo）和向日葵（Helianthus annuus）。基因和考古证据为美国东部所有这四种植物物种的独立驯化提供了有力支持，并再次确认该地区是世界独立驯化中心之一。
