Lehr Andrew T, Geher Glenn
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at New Paltz, 75 South Manheim Boulevard, New Paltz, NY 12561, USA.
J Soc Psychol. 2006 Aug;146(4):423-39. doi: 10.3200/SOCP.146.4.423-439.
Participants were 24 male and 32 female undergraduate and graduate students whom the authors recruited for an examination of the effects of attitude similarity and reciprocity on the degree of attraction toward potential mates. The authors examined the effects of these 2 variables on degree of liking in long-term and short-term contexts. The authors administered a vignette about a bogus stranger to each participant, varying the stranger's attitude similarity with and liking of the participant. The authors enclosed the vignette in a folder that described the stranger as having either very similar or very different attitudes from the participant and that included a passage that notified the participant that the stranger either likes or does not like him or her. The dependent variables included 4 indexes of the extent to which participants reported liking the bogus stranger: a scale that measured short-term mating items, a scale that measured long-term mating items, a degree-of-liking scale, and a behavioral-intention item. Across these 4 attraction-relevant dependent variables, the authors found significant main effects of the reciprocity variable. Also, the authors found a significant main effect of attitude similarity on the likability measure. The authors found significant main effects of reciprocity in a long-term mating context and a short-term mating context.
参与者包括24名男性和32名女性本科生及研究生，作者招募他们是为了研究态度相似性和互惠性对潜在伴侣吸引力程度的影响。作者考察了这两个变量在长期和短期情境下对喜欢程度的影响。作者向每位参与者发放了一份关于一个虚构陌生人的短文，改变陌生人与参与者的态度相似性以及对参与者的喜欢程度。作者将短文装在一个文件夹中，该文件夹将陌生人描述为与参与者态度非常相似或非常不同，并包含一段告知参与者陌生人喜欢或不喜欢他/她的文字。因变量包括参与者报告喜欢这个虚构陌生人程度的4个指标：一个测量短期交配项目的量表、一个测量长期交配项目的量表、一个喜欢程度量表和一个行为意图项目。在这4个与吸引力相关的因变量中，作者发现了互惠变量的显著主效应。此外，作者发现态度相似性对好感度测量有显著主效应。作者在长期交配情境和短期交配情境中都发现了互惠的显著主效应。
