Luo Shanhong, Zhang Guangjian
Department of Psychology, Social Behavioral Science Building, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
J Pers. 2009 Aug;77(4):933-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00570.x. Epub 2009 May 18.
Years of attraction research have established several "principles" of attraction with robust evidence. However, a major limitation of previous attraction studies is that they have almost exclusively relied on well-controlled experiments, which are often criticized for lacking ecological validity. The current research was designed to examine initial attraction in a real-life setting-speed-dating. Social Relations Model analyses demonstrated that initial attraction was a function of the actor, the partner, and the unique dyadic relationship between these two. Meta-analyses showed intriguing sex differences and similarities. Self characteristics better predicted women's attraction than they did for men, whereas partner characteristics predicted men's attraction far better than they did for women. The strongest predictor of attraction for both sexes was partners' physical attractiveness. Finally, there was some support for the reciprocity principle but no evidence for the similarity principle.
多年来的吸引力研究已经确立了几个有充分证据支持的吸引力“原则”。然而，以往吸引力研究的一个主要局限性在于，它们几乎完全依赖于控制良好的实验，而这些实验常常因缺乏生态效度而受到批评。当前的研究旨在考察现实生活中的初次吸引力——速配。社会关系模型分析表明，初次吸引力是行为者、伴侣以及这两者之间独特二元关系的函数。元分析显示出有趣的性别差异和相似之处。自我特征对女性吸引力的预测比对男性的预测更好，而伴侣特征对男性吸引力的预测比对女性的预测要好得多。对两性吸引力最强的预测因素是伴侣的外貌吸引力。最后，有一些证据支持互惠原则，但没有证据支持相似性原则。
