Bustos Patricia, da Silva Antonio Augusto M, Amigo Hugo, Bettiol Heloisa, Barbieri Marco A
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Oct;17(8):581-9. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.06.001. Epub 2006 Aug 8.
Since little information on the metabolic syndrome (MS) is available in Latin America, the aim of this study was to explore whether and to what extent differing socioeconomic conditions influence the prevalence of MS and its associated factors among young adults from two towns in Latin America: semi-rural Limache (L), Chile, and urban Ribeirão Preto (RP), Brazil.
A cross-sectional study based on two independent investigations of 22- to 28 year-old subjects using a common methodology. The prevalence of MS (according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program) and its risk factors (smoking habit, alcohol and caloric intake, obesity, physical activity and socioeconomic conditions) were assessed. The prevalence of MS was 10% in L and in RP men, but was lower (4.8%) in RP women. Hyperglycemia was very low (0.8% in L and 1.1% in RP), while the prevalence of low HDL cholesterol levels was high (66.7% and 42.2%, respectively). Intermediate prevalences of hypertriglyceridemia (17.9% and 12.9%), elevated blood pressure (15.5% and 23.1%) and abdominal obesity (19.3% versus 12.7%) were detected. RP subjects had a higher educational level and more qualified jobs, came from smaller families, and a higher proportion were car owners. In L, the smoking habit was more frequent, subjects had higher excess weight and caloric intake, and lower levels of physical activity.
Metabolic changes possibly leading to cardiovascular diseases in later life were present in both populations at an early age, but were higher in the rural and less developed county. Our findings point to the existence of a cultural, educational and socioeconomic phenomenon that possibly influences the prevalence of the diagnostic components of MS through differences in lifestyles.
由于拉丁美洲关于代谢综合征（MS）的信息较少，本研究旨在探讨不同的社会经济状况是否以及在多大程度上影响来自拉丁美洲两个城镇的年轻人中MS的患病率及其相关因素：智利半农村地区的利马切（L）和巴西城市里贝朗普雷图（RP）。
一项横断面研究，基于对22至28岁受试者使用共同方法进行的两项独立调查。评估了MS（根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划）的患病率及其危险因素（吸烟习惯、酒精和热量摄入、肥胖、身体活动和社会经济状况）。L镇和RP镇男性的MS患病率均为10%，但RP镇女性的患病率较低（4.8%）。高血糖非常低（L镇为0.8%，RP镇为1.1%），而低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的患病率很高（分别为66.7%和42.2%）。检测到甘油三酯血症（分别为17.9%和12.9%）、血压升高（分别为15.5%和23.1%）和腹部肥胖（分别为19.3%和12.7%）的患病率处于中等水平。RP镇的受试者教育水平更高，工作更有资质，家庭规模更小，且拥有汽车的比例更高。在L镇，吸烟习惯更为普遍，受试者超重和热量摄入更高，身体活动水平更低。
两个群体在早年都存在可能导致晚年心血管疾病的代谢变化，但在农村和欠发达地区更为严重。我们的研究结果表明存在一种文化、教育和社会经济现象，可能通过生活方式的差异影响MS诊断成分的患病率。
