Horner Anthony A
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, Mail code 0663, La Jolla, CA 92093-0663, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006 Sep;6(5):395-401. doi: 10.1007/s11882-996-0012-9.
Innate responses to microbes are mediated in large part via toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize a diverse family of ligands produced by viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Great effort has been directed toward translating this knowledge into the development of therapies for the prevention and treatment of diseases, including those fueled by allergic (Th2-biased) hypersensitivities. In this review, we consider the ways in which ligands for different TLRs influence the allergic phenotype. In addition, an update on safety and efficacy data from clinical trials of allergic patients treated with TLR9 ligand-based interventions is provided. Finally, recent experimental results that help elucidate how ambient TLR ligand exposures influence allergic risk and their relevance to the development of TLR ligand-based therapeutics are discussed. Investigations presented within this opinion paper suggest that several TLR ligands could have clinical utility in the treatment of allergic diseases, whereas other TLR ligands appear less attractive, as they facilitate development of Th2-biased hypersensitivities in murine studies.
机体对微生物的固有反应在很大程度上是通过 Toll 样受体（TLR）介导的，这些受体可识别病毒、细菌和真菌产生的多种配体。人们付出了巨大努力将这一知识转化为预防和治疗疾病的疗法，包括由过敏性（偏向 Th2 型）超敏反应引发的疾病。在本综述中，我们探讨了不同 TLR 配体影响过敏表型的方式。此外，还提供了基于 TLR9 配体干预治疗的过敏患者临床试验安全性和有效性数据的最新情况。最后，讨论了有助于阐明环境 TLR 配体暴露如何影响过敏风险及其与基于 TLR 配体疗法开发相关性的最新实验结果。本观点论文中的研究表明，几种 TLR 配体在治疗过敏性疾病方面可能具有临床应用价值，而其他 TLR 配体似乎吸引力较小，因为在小鼠研究中它们会促进偏向 Th2 型超敏反应的发展。
